Acordo de Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne

Acordo de Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
Acordo de Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
Acordo de Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne, a cidade onde foi assinado o acordo.
Local de assinatura Suíça , Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne
Signatário(a)(s)  Itália
 França
 Reino Unido
Assinado 26 de abril de 1917
Ratificação 18 de agosto - 26 de setembro de 1917

O Acordo de Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne foi um acordo diplomático assinado pela França, Itália e Reino Unido em Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne, nos Alpes franceses, em 26 de abril de 1917 e ratificado entre 18 de agosto e 26 de setembro do mesmo ano.[1] O acordo foi redigido pelo ministro italiano dos Negócios Estrangeiros, o barão Sidney Sonnino como uma tentativa para resolver os seus interesses no Médio Oriente.[2]

O acordo foi negociado principalmente pelo ministro dos Negócios Estrangeiros italiano, o seu primeiro-ministro e os primeiros-ministros britânico e francês. A Rússia não esteve presente devido ao regime czarista estar em colapso (ver Revolução Russa de 1917). Os aliados precisavam do acordo para assegurar a posição das forças italianas no Médio Oriente. O objetivo era compensar a diminuição de poderio militar no teatro militar do Médio Oriente e do Cáucaso à medida que as forças russas (czaristas) abandonavam os combates, embora as forças russas fossem substituídas por aquilo que se viria a denominar República Democrática da Arménia.[carece de fontes?]

Antecedentes e contexto

Os representantes da Grã-Bretanha, França, Rússia e Itália encontraram-se para assinarem o Pacto de Londres (1915), que marcava a entrada de Itália na Primeira Guerra Mundial. No entanto, a questão da parte do Médio Oriente que caberia à Itália ficou em aberto nesse tratado. No Pacto de Londres enunciava-se que se o Império Otomano fosse particionado, Itália deveria receber uma "parte justa" na região de Adana mas as fronteiras exatas dessa ocupação seriam decididas mais tarde.[carece de fontes?]

Aplicação

Nos termos do Acordo de Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne, a França ficaria com a região de Adana enquanto que Itália receberia o resto do sudoeste da Anatólia, incluindo Esmirna.[1][3] Na Conferência de Paz de Paris (1919), o primeiro-ministro grego, Elefthérios Venizélos conseguiu permissão para ocupar Esmirna apesar da oposição italiana, ignorando o estipulado do Acordo de Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne.[2]

Notas e referências

  1. a b «Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne». Encyclopædia Britannica. Consultado em 30 de setembro de 2010 
  2. a b Horton, George (1926). «Chapter XXIV - Italy's designs on Smyrna». The Blight of Asia (em inglês). HR-Net, Hellenic Resources Network. Consultado em 3 de julho de 2010 
  3. Stearns, Peter N.; Langer, William L. (2001). The Encyclopedia of world history : ancient, medieval, and modern, chronologically arranged (em inglês) 6 ed. [S.l.]: Houghton Mifflin. p. 659. ISBN 0395652375 9780395652374 Verifique |isbn= (ajuda) [ligação inativa]}}

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