Płyta antarktyczna

Płyta antarktyczna zaznaczona na ciemnoniebiesko

Płyta antarktyczna – płyta tektoniczna, obejmująca swoim zasięgiem Antarktydę i najbardziej południowe części Atlantyku, Oceanu Indyjskiego oraz Pacyfiku.

Od północy graniczy z płytą afrykańską, australijską, pacyficzną, Nazca, południowoamerykańską i płytą Scotia.

Jej granicę stanowią: Grzbiet Afrykańsko-Antarktyczny, Grzbiet Zachodnioindyjski, Grzbiet Australijsko-Antarktyczny, Grzbiet Południowopacyficzny i Grzbiet Amerykańsko-Antarktyczny.

Do płyty antarktycznej należą mniejsze płyty: Wyniesienie Kergueleńskie, płyta szetlandzka i płyta Sandwich.

Powierzchnia płyty antarktycznej wynosi około 60 900 000 km², co czyni ją piątą pod względem wielkości płytą tektoniczną[1].

Płyta antarktyczna ze wszystkich stron otoczona jest przez grzbiety śródoceaniczne, w obrębie których w strefie spreadingu powstaje nowa skorupa oceaniczna, w związku z czym od kredy, a być może od górnej jury powiększają się południowe części oceanów, a pozostałe kontynenty oddalają się od Antarktydy w kierunku północnym. Od Antarktydy stale też oddalają się strefy spreadingu, czyli nowa skorupa ziemska jest generowana ze wszystkich stron coraz dalej na północ.

Przypisy

  1. ↑ W.K. Brown, K.H. Wohletz: SFT and the Earth’s Tectonic Plates. Los Alamos National Laboratory, 2005. [dostęp 2007-03-02]. [zarchiwizowane z tego adresu (2013-02-17)].

Bibliografia

  • Wilbur E. Garrett (red.): Earth’s Dynamic crust. National Geographic, sierpień, 1985
  • A.N. Strahler, 1998: Plate Tectonics. Geo Books Publishing. Cambrige, Massachusetts. ISBN 0-9668594-4-8.

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