Psionika

Psionika, w skrócie (Ψ, ψ) – w parapsychologii wspólne określenie wszystkich zjawisk paranormalnych. Zostało wprowadzone w 1943 roku przez Roberta Thoulessa i Bertolda Paula Wiesnera[1].

Etymologia

Litera Psi

Psi jest 23. literą klasycznego alfabetu greckiego oraz pierwszą sylabą słów: psyche (umysł, dusza), psychika i psychologia (badanie umysłu)[2].

Historia i terminologia

Bertold Paul Wiesner po raz pierwszy zaproponował termin „psi” w roku 1942 jako bardziej ogólny termin dla określenia zarówno postrzegania pozazmysłowego (ESP) oraz dla psychokinezy. Oryginalna terminologia została podzielona na psi-gamma (dla postrzegania) i psi-kappa (dla akcji i manipulacji). W późniejszym okresie terminy te zostały zmienione na „psi pasywne” oraz „psi aktywne”[3][4].

Jeszcze później John Wood Cambell zaproponował termin „psionika” (psionics), będący połączeniem słowa „psi” (psyche) i „electronics”, co miało oznaczać, że zdolności psioniczne mogą być wiarygodne. Termin psioniki został rozprzestrzeniony w internecie przez jego zwolenników[5][6].

Fikcja

Psionika (używana jako termin w stosunku do zdolności parapsychicznych) pojawia się we wszelkiej maści fantastyce równie często, co magia, często nawiązując do innych zjawisk paranormalnych.

W soft science fiction(inne języki) postacie często są obdarzane zdolnościami psionicznymi, które, gdyby zostały nazwane „magicznymi”, zmieniłyby SF w fantasy[7].

Zobacz też

Przypisy

  1. ↑ „Tajny świat parapsychologii” – Elmar R. Gruber.
  2. ↑ „Tam gdzie nauka spotyka się z magią” – Serena Roney-Dougal.
  3. ↑ Glossary of Psi (Parapsychological) Terms (L-R). parapsych.org. [zarchiwizowane z tego adresu (2010-08-24)]..
  4. ↑ The History of Psi. forums.vsociety.net. [zarchiwizowane z tego adresu (2006-08-23)]..
  5. ↑ Psionics. davidszondy.com. [zarchiwizowane z tego adresu (2013-08-06)]..
  6. ↑ Psionika (PL).
  7. ↑ Poul Anderson, Magic and psionics however, are two different subjects, Fantasy in the Age of Science, s. 270, Fantasy ISBN 48-51518.

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