Heksyl

Heksanitrodifenyloamina
Ilustracja
Ogólne informacje
Wzór sumaryczny

C12H5N7O12

Masa molowa

439,21 g/mol

Wygląd

ceglastoczerwony proszek

Identyfikacja
Numer CAS

131-73-7
5369-29-9 (sól potasowa)

PubChem

8576

Podobne związki
Podobne związki

tetryl

Jeżeli nie podano inaczej, dane dotyczą
stanu standardowego (25 °C, 1000 hPa)

Heksyl, dipikryloamina (HNDP) – kruszący materiał wybuchowy. Stosowany głównie w mieszaninie z trotylem, azotanem amonu i glinem do napełniania torped, min morskich, bomb lotniczych itp.

Mieszanina 40% heksylu i 60% trotylu nosi nazwę heksanit[4]. Inne mieszaniny z użyciem heksylu, określane Schießwolle 18, 36 i 39 były używane do napełniania niemieckich głowic torpedowych w czasie obu wojen światowych[5].

Sole amonowe bądź sodowe heksanitrodifenyloaminy były nazywane Aurantia, czyli żółcień cesarska. Związki te były wykorzystywane do barwienia wełny, jedwabiu oraz skóry na kolor pomarańczowy[6].

Otrzymywanie

Heksyl można otrzymać poprzez nitrowanie difenyloaminy:

lub w reakcji kwasu pikrynowego z amoniakiem:

2 + NH3 + 2 H2O

Przypisy

  1. a b Heksyl. [martwy link] The Chemical Database. Wydział Chemii Uniwersytetu w Akronie. [dostęp 2012-11-03]. (ang.).[niewiarygodne źródło?]
  2. a b Dipicrylamine, [w:] ChemIDplus [online], United States National Library of Medicine [dostęp 2012-11-03] (ang.).
  3. a b Heksyl, [w:] Classification and Labelling Inventory, Europejska Agencja Chemikaliów [dostęp 2015-04-10] (ang.).
  4. Mikołaj Korzun: 1000 słów o materiałach wybuchowych i wybuchu. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo MON, 1986, s. 65. ISBN 83-11-07044-X.
  5. Ernst‐Christian Koch. Insensitive Munition. „Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics”. 41 (3). s. 407. John Wiley & Sons. ISSN 1521-4087. 
  6. Aurantia. W: Henry Leffmann: The coal-tar colors: with special reference to their injurious qualities and the restriction of their use; a sanitary and medico-legal investigation. Philadelphia: Blakiston, 1892, s. 94-96.

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