Félix Ziem

Félix Ziem
Ilustracja
Félix Ziem (fot. ok. 1865)
Data i miejsce urodzenia

26 lutego 1821
Beaune

Data i miejsce śmierci

10 listopada 1911
Paryż

Narodowość

Francuz

Dziedzina sztuki

malarstwo

Epoka

impresjonizm

podpis
Odznaczenia
Komandor Orderu Narodowego Legii Honorowej (Francja) Oficer Orderu Narodowego Legii Honorowej (Francja)
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Félix François Georges Philibert Ziem (ur. 26 lutego 1821 w Beaune, zm. 10 listopada 1911 w Paryżu) – francuski malarz pejzażysta, przedstawiciel szkoły z Barbizon, prekursor impresjonizmu.

Życiorys

Był z pochodzenia Chorwatem[1]. Studiował architekturę w Akademii Sztuk Pięknych (École des Beaux-Arts) w Dijon, działając następnie w zawodzie architekta. Malarstwem zajął się intensywnie, podróżując po krajach śródziemnomorskich i przebywając dłużej w Marsylii, Wenecji, Neapolu, Konstantynopolu. Do Paryża powrócił w 1838. Od 1840 pracował we własnym studio na Montmartre, gdzie powstało kilkadziesiąt obrazów[2].

Systematycznie wystawiał w paryskim Salonie od 1849. Po osiągnięciu sukcesu finansowego aktywnie wspierał młodych artystów. W 1857 został kawalerem orderu Legii Honorowej, w 1878 jego oficerem i w 1908 komandorem. Pochowany na paryskim cmentarzu Père Lachaise[3].

Inspirowany widokami miejsc odwiedzanych malował przede wszystkim pejzaże, lecz również martwe natury i portrety. Ukształtowany w atmosferze romantyzmu, w przedstawieniach pejzażowych stwarzał liryzm przy użyciu barwy. Jego dekoracyjne (często nacechowane ezgotyzmem) i rozświetlone pejzaże – z Konstantynopola i Wenecji, lecz także z Holandii, Antwerpii i Prowansji – przyniosły mu sukces i były wyróżniane nagrodami. Zaliczano go do malarzy orientalistów i prekursorów impresjonizmu.

Jego twórczy dorobek szacuje się na przeszło 10 tys. płócien (z uwzględnieniem powtarzanych w licznych egzemplarzach), z czego jedynie 527 egz. znajduje się we francuskich muzeach publicznych. Istotną część zgromadzono w powstałym w 1908 muzeum artysty w prowansalskim Martigues, w muzeum rodzinnego Beaune oraz w różnych zbiorach Paryża (m.in. w Luwrze). W 1878 został odznaczony Krzyżem Oficerskim Legii Honorowej, a w 1905 Krzyżem Komandorskim Legii Honorowej[4].

Galeria

  • Przykłady twórczości w obcych zbiorach muzealnych
  • Wiatrak holenderski (Frankfurt nad Menem)
    Wiatrak holenderski (Frankfurt nad Menem)
  • Wielki Kanał w Wenecji (São Paulo)
    Wielki Kanał w Wenecji (São Paulo)
  • Żaglowce i łodzie w Bosforze (Stambuł)
    Żaglowce i łodzie w Bosforze (Stambuł)
  • Wenecja – Riva degli Schiavoni (Warszawa)
    Wenecja – Riva degli Schiavoni (Warszawa)
  • Zew syren (zbiory prywatne)
    Zew syren (zbiory prywatne)
  • Martwa natura – wielkie krewetki (Lipsk)
    Martwa natura – wielkie krewetki (Lipsk)
  • Autoportret (Martigues)
    Autoportret (Martigues)

Przypisy

  1. ↑ Według Enciclopedia Italiana…, dz. cyt.
  2. ↑ Enciclopedia Italiana…, dz. cyt.
  3. ↑ Felix Ziem. [w:] Find a Grave [on-line]. [dostęp 2020-03-15]. (ang.).
  4. ↑ Biography – Felix Ziem (1821 – 1911) w Rehs Galleries, Inc.

Bibliografia

  • Grand Larousse encyclopédique. T. 10. Paris: Larousse, 1964, s. 1015
  • Enciclopedia Italiana di scienze, lettere ed arti. T. 35, Roma: Treccani, 1950, s. 940

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