Furoshiki

Furoshiki (jap. 風呂敷 furoshiki) – chusta z materiału, o różnych rozmiarach, służąca w Japonii tradycyjnie do owijania, pakowania i przenoszenia różnego rodzaju przedmiotów[1].

Furoshiki było używane prawdopodobnie już w okresie Nara (710–794), lecz dzisiejsze znaczenie oraz nazwę zyskał w okresie Edo (1603–1868). Nazwa wywodzi się od materiału, używanego w tym okresie w łaźniach publicznych (sentō), w który zawijane były mokre ręczniki oraz ubrania (słowo furo oznacza łaźnię, zaś shiki rozłożenie)[2]. Zanim furoshiki zaczęto używać w łaźniach, znane było jako hira-zutsumi, hira-tsutsumi.

Dzisiejsze furoshiki mogą być wykonane z różnych typów tkanin, jak: jedwab, krepa, bawełna, wiskoza lub nylon. Mogą posiadać tradycyjny wzór, bądź być zabarwione specjalną techniką shibori. Nie istnieje jeden standardowy rozmiar furoshiki – spotykane są tkaniny o wielkości dłoni oraz prześcieradła. Najczęściej spotykanymi wymiarami są kwadraty o bokach 45 cm lub 70 cm.

Furoshiki wciąż jest używane w Japonii. W okresie powojennym na skutek wprowadzenia reklamówek zmniejszyła się liczba używających go osób, jednak obecnie obserwowany jest wzrost zainteresowania oraz wykorzystywania tej chusty w zastępstwie reklamówek z tworzywa sztucznego w ramach ochrony środowiska. Materiał wykorzystywany jest najczęściej do opakowania pudełek śniadaniowych (bentō) oraz narzuty na stół podczas przerwy śniadaniowej.

W dniu 6 marca 2006, ówczesna japońska minister środowiska, Yuriko Koike, zaprezentowała stworzoną przez siebie tkaninę furoshiki, mającą promować jej użycie[3].

Galeria

Przypisy

  1. ↑ Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary. Tokyo: Kenkyusha Limited, 1991, s. 283. ISBN 4-7674-2015-6.
  2. ↑ Budostuff – All original Japanese quality and workmanship – aikido, iaido, gi, hakama, keikogi, obi, katana, iaito, samuraj, karate, japanese art. [dostęp 2010-06-16]. [zarchiwizowane z tego adresu (2008-11-20)].
  3. ↑ In Focus: Minister Koike created the "Mottainai Furoshiki" [MOE] [online], www.env.go.jp [dostęp 2017-11-23] [zarchiwizowane z adresu 2017-07-16] (ang.).

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