Cheng Hao

Ta osoba nosi chińskie nazwisko Cheng.
Cheng Hao
Ilustracja
Nazwisko chińskie
Pismo uproszczone

程灏

Pismo tradycyjne

程顥

Hanyu pinyin

Chéng Hào

Wade-Giles

Ch’eng Hao

Wymowa (IPA)

[ʈʂʰəŋ xâu]

Cheng Hao (ur. 1032, zm. 1085), znany też jako Cheng Mingdao (程明道) – uczony z czasów dynastii Song.

Był starszym bratem Chenga Yi oraz bratankiem Zhanga Zaia. Przez rok kształcił się razem z Zhou Dunyi[1]. Piastował liczne stanowiska w administracji państwowej. Jego aktywność filozoficzna w wielu punktach łączyła się z działalnością Chenga Yi. Razem z nim podejmował refleksje o sercu-umyśle, naturze ludzkiej, Niebiańskiej Zasadzie czy samodoskonaleniu. Bracia uznawali dychotomię stanowiącej budulec wszechświata siły materialnej qi oraz pierwotnej i nadrzędnej wobec niej zasady li[2]. Ich wspólne poglądy legły u podstaw szkoły Luoxue.

Wśród samodzielnie wypracowanych przez niego poglądów można znaleźć twierdzenie o tym, że uniwersalna zasada mieści się w sercu-umyśle, przez którego poszerzanie można poznać Niebo, człowiek natomiast stanowi jedność z dziesięcioma tysiącami bytów[3]. Inspirując się dziełem Ximing Zhanga Zaia oraz doktryną Mencjusza wysunął pogląd, iż główną cechą humanitarności jest odczuwanie jedności ze wszystkimi rzeczami[4].

Zaliczany do Pięciu Mistrzów początkowego okresu rządów Songów[5].

Przypisy

  1. ↑ Xinzhong Yao: Konfucjanizm. Wprowadzenie. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, 2009, s. 106. ISBN 978-83-233-2602-1.
  2. ↑ Encyklopedia historyczna świata. T. III. Kraków: Agencja Publicystyczno-Wydawnicza Opres, 2000, s. 269. ISBN 83-85909-61-3.
  3. ↑ Xinzhong Yao: Konfucjanizm. Wprowadzenie. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, 2009, s. 107. ISBN 978-83-233-2602-1.
  4. ↑ Feng Youlan: Krótka historia filozofii chińskiej. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2001, s. 319-321. ISBN 83-01-13421-6.
  5. ↑ Xinzhong Yao: Konfucjanizm. Wprowadzenie. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, 2009, s. 102. ISBN 978-83-233-2602-1.

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