Thomas Chalmers

Thomas Chalmers
Født17. mars 1780[1][2][3][4]Rediger på Wikidata
Anstruther[5]
Død31. mai 1847Rediger på Wikidata (67 år)
Edinburgh[6]
BeskjeftigelseMatematiker, teolog, skribent, universitetslærer, samfunnsøkonom, filosof Rediger på Wikidata
Embete
  • Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland Rediger på Wikidata
Utdannet vedUniversity of St Andrews
University of Edinburgh
NasjonalitetStorbritannia
GravlagtGrange Cemetery, Edinburgh
Medlem avRoyal Society of Edinburgh
UtmerkelserFellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Thomas Chalmers på Commons
On political economy, 1832.

Thomas Chalmers (født 17. mars 1780 i Anstruther-Easter i Fifeshire i Skottland, død 31. mai 1847 i Edinburgh) var en skotsk teolog og forfatter og stifter av den skotske frikirke.

Liv og virke

Bakgrunn

Thomas Chalmers var sønn av Elizabeth Hall og John Chalmers, som var kjøpmann.[7]

Chalmers var fra ungdommen religiøst interessert men under en kortere tid påvirket av den franske materialisme.

Karriere

Han ble etter studier ved universitetet i St. Andrews pastor i Kilmany og holdt samtidig forelesninger i matematikk ved universitetet. Årene 1809-11 gjennomgikk han en krise, som ble avgjørende for hans religiøse liv. I 1814 ble han prest i Glasgow, i 1823 professor i moralfilosofi og nasjonalekonomi i St. Andrews, og i 1828 professor i teologi i Edinburgh.

Han gikk for å være en medrivende predikant.

Chalmers var i besittelse av stor organisasjonsevne, og oppgjorde planer om omfattende sosiale reformer og organiserte under sin virksomhet i Glasgow en effektivere og personligere fattigomsorg enn dittil. På grunn av atskillige misforhold vendte Chalmers seg mot patronatsretten. Da forhandlingene med regjeringen ikke førte til noen resultater, trådte Chalmers og hans tilhengere ut av nasjonalkirken og dannet i 1843 Free Church of Scotland. Frikirken avstod fra alle kirker, prestelønninger med mer, men under Chalmers ledelse ble innen noen få år dens nyorganisasjon fullbyrdet.

Thomas Chalmers fremholdt at Gud ikke skapte verden kun for jordens og menneskers skyld. Det var å fordreie kristen tro. Han mente at et grenseløst univers i seg selv var et vitnesbyrd om Guds ufattelige storhet.

Forfatterskap

Chalmers var også en produktiv forfatter. Han skrifter omfatter 38 bind, ddom for de meste befatter seg på apologetisk manér med teologi, blant annet hans bidrag til Bridgewater Treatises.

De av hans studier som slo bro mellom teologi og naturvitenskaper og med nasjonaløkonomi, skulle influere hans kirke i hans egen levetid.

Hans Original works utkom i 1849 i 25 bind og Posthumous works i ni bind 1848-49.

Referanser

  1. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica Online, Encyclopædia Britannica Online-ID biography/Thomas-Chalmers, besøkt 9. oktober 2017[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  2. ^ Gemeinsame Normdatei, besøkt 3. mai 2014[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  3. ^ Proleksis Encyclopedia, Proleksis enciklopedija-ID 14995[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  4. ^ Brockhaus Enzyklopädie, Brockhaus Online-Enzyklopädie-id chalmers-thomas[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  5. ^ Gemeinsame Normdatei, besøkt 15. desember 2014[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  6. ^ Gemeinsame Normdatei, besøkt 31. desember 2014[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  7. ^ «Arkivert kopi» (PDF). Arkivert fra originalen (PDF) 24. januar 2013. Besøkt 7. september 2019. 

Litteratur

  • Ulrich Gäbler: "Auferstehungszeit". Erweckungsprediger des 19. Jahrhunderts. Sechs Porträts. C.H. Beck Verlag, München 1991, ISBN 3-406-35157-3.
  • Gerhard Ruhbach (1992). Chalmers, Thomas (1780-1847). Wuppertal: R. Brockhaus Verlag. s. 358. 
  • Harald Beutel: Die Sozialtheologie Thomas Chalmers’ (1780-1847) und ihre Bedeutung für die Freikirchen: Eine Studie zur Diakonie der Erweckungsbewegung. (Arbeiten zur Pastoraltheologie, Liturgik und Hymnologie, Band 52) 1. Auflage. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-525-62396-1 (zugleich Diss. Universität Heidelberg, 2004).
  • Stewart J. Brown (2008). Chalmers, Thomas (4. utg.). Stuttgart: UTB. s. 96. 

Read other articles:

Conservation-reliant species

Percentages of United States listed species which are conservation-reliant Conservation-reliant species are animal or plant species that require continuing species-specific wildlife management intervention such as predator control, habitat management and parasite control to survive, even when a self-sustainable recovery in population is achieved.[1] History The term conservation-reliant species grew out of the conservation biology undertaken by The Endangered Species Act at Thirty Pro...

 

Alexander Löhr

Alexander LöhrLöhr tahun 1939Lahir(1885-05-20)20 Mei 1885Turnu-Severin, Mehedinți, Kerajaan RumaniaMeninggal26 Februari 1947(1947-02-26) (umur 61)Beograd, YugoslaviaPengabdian Austria-Hungaria (hingga 1918) Republik Austria Pertama (hingga 1938) Jerman NaziDinas/cabangAngkatan Darat Austria-HungariaAngkatan Bersenjata AustriaAngkatan Udara Austria (1927–38)Luftwaffe (1938–45)Lama dinas1906–45PangkatGeneraloberstKomandanLuftflotte 4Army Group EOB SüdostPerang...

 

العلاقات الجزائرية الرومانية

العلاقات الجزائرية الرومانية الجزائر رومانيا   الجزائر   رومانيا تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الجزائرية الرومانية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين الجزائر ورومانيا.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه ال...

Canterbury-Bankstown

This article is about the region. For the local government area in New South Wales, see City of Canterbury-Bankstown. This article uses bare URLs, which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot. Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style. Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as reFill (documentation) and Citation bot (documentation). (August 2022) (Learn how and whe...

 

Diary of a Telephone Operator

1969 Italian filmCerto certissimo... anzi probabileDirected byMarcello FondatoWritten byDacia MarainiStarringClaudia CardinaleCinematographyAlfio ContiniMusic byCarlo RustichelliRelease date 1969 (1969) Running time120 minutesCountryItalyLanguageItalian Certo certissimo... anzi probabile (Certain, Very Certain, As a Matter of Fact... Probable; English title Diary of a Telephone Operator[1]) is a 1969 Italian film based on the story of the same title by Dacia Maraini. It stars Cla...

 

Great Indian Bustard Sanctuary

Wildlife sanctuary in India Great Indian Bustard Sanctuary MaharashtraCoordinates17°49′36.2″N 75°52′10.9″E / 17.826722°N 75.869694°E / 17.826722; 75.869694Google MapsArea122,200[1] hectares (472 sq mi) Great Indian Bustard Sanctuary (established in 1979, also known as the Jawaharlal Nehru Bustard Sanctuary of Maharashtra) is a wildlife sanctuary for the great Indian bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) at Solapur, Maharashtra, India. The land is d...

DC Animated Movie Universe

American media franchise Not to be confused with DC Animated Universe or DC Universe Animated Original Movies. For similar topics, see DC Universe (disambiguation). DC Animated Movie UniverseThe DC logo, used in every DC franchiseBased onCharactersby DC ComicsProductioncompaniesWarner Bros. AnimationDC EntertainmentDistributed byWarner Home VideoRelease date2013–2020; 2022CountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglish The DC Animated Movie Universe (DCAMU) is an American media franchise and shared uni...

 

Eduardo Escobar

Venezuelan baseball player (born 1989) Baseball player Eduardo EscobarEscobar with the New York Mets in 2023Free agent InfielderBorn: (1989-01-05) January 5, 1989 (age 35)Villa de Cura, VenezuelaBats: SwitchThrows: RightMLB debutSeptember 2, 2011, for the Chicago White SoxMLB statistics (through 2023 season)Batting average.253Hits1,185Home runs164Runs batted in636 Teams Chicago White Sox (2011–2012) Minnesota Twins (2012–2018) Arizona Diamondbacks (2018–2021) Milwauk...

 

Gustavo Gimeno

Spanish conductor The conductor in 2017. Gustavo Gimeno (born 1976, in Valencia, Spain) is a Spanish conductor. He is currently chief conductor of the Luxembourg Philharmonic Orchestra and music director of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra. Biography The son of a clarinetist,[1] Gimeno studied percussion and piano as a youth. His elder brother studied clarinet and violin.[2] Gimeno joined the percussion section of the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra (KCO) in 2001, and was named pr...

University of the Sunshine Coast

Public university in Queensland, Australia University of the Sunshine CoastLatin: Universitas Solis OrarumMottoFor a better tomorrow (English)TypePublic research universityEstablished1 July 1994; 29 years ago (1994-07-01)AccreditationTEQSAAcademic affiliationAUCACSAMCCA ANZCPAEAOUARUNUAEndowmentA$690.75 million (2022)[1]BudgetA$311.2 million (2022)[2]ChancellorAir Chief Marshal Sir Angus Houston AK AFC[3]Vice-ChancellorProf Helen Bartlett[4 ...

 

متنزه بحيرة بومان الحكومي

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (مارس 2021) متنزه بحيرة بومان الحكومي البلد الولايات المتحدة  الموقع 745 طريق بليفن شيرمان أكسفورد، نيويورك أقرب مدينة قرية أوكسفورد إحداثيات 42°31′N 75°41′W / 42.52�...

 

Nikolaiviertel

This article relies entirely on a single source, which is cited to support only one minor aspect of the total article. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Nikolaiviertel – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2023) Neighborhoods in Berlin-Mitte: Old Cölln [1] (with Museum Island [1a], Fisher Island [1b]), Alt-Berlin [2] (with N...

Georgian National Academy of Sciences

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Georgian National Academy of Sciences – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Georgian Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi Arches The Georgian National Academy of Sciences (GNAS) (Georgian: სა�...

 

Edad de consentimiento sexual

Edad mínima de consentimiento sexual en el mundo.[1]​Leyenda:      Pubertad      12 años      13 años      14 años      15 años      16 años      17 años      18 años      Obligatoriedad de estar casados      Varía por estado o regi...

 

CBS Radio

American radio broadcasting company This article is about the radio group. For the radio network, see CBS News Radio. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: CBS Radio – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message) CBS Radio Inc.FormerlyInfinity...

Coroner

Government official who confirms and certifies the death of an individual Not to be confused with medical examiner. For other uses, see Coroner (disambiguation). Charles B Greenlaw, Coroner of Calcutta A coroner is a government or judicial official who is empowered to conduct or order an inquest into the manner or cause of death. The official may also investigate or confirm the identity of an unknown person who has been found dead within the coroner's jurisdiction. In medieval times, English ...

 

Hector Ó hEochagáin

Irish radio and television presenter Shane Hector Ó hEochagáinBorn (1969-08-17) 17 August 1969 (age 54)Drogheda, County Louth, IrelandNationalityIrishEducationSt Patrick's Classical School, Trinity College DublinOccupationBroadcasterEmployer(s)TG4, RTÉ and Today FMKnown forPromoting the Irish language, horseracing, television, radioSpouseDympna Uí hEochagáin (2002–present) Shane Ó hEochagáin (pronounced [oː ˈhoːxəɡaːnʲ] oh-HOE-khu-gawn; born 17 August 1969), ...

 

Roberto Cevoli

Roberto CevoliNazionalità San Marino Altezza194 cm Peso90 kg Calcio RuoloAllenatore (ex difensore) Squadra San Marino Termine carriera2005 - giocatore CarrieraGiovanili 19??-19?? La Fiorita Squadre di club1 1986-1989 San Marino65 (2)1990-1991 Jesina31 (1)1991-1992 Fano32 (1)1992-1993 Carpi29 (1)1993-1995 Reggina68 (3)1995-1996 Reggiana35 (1)1996-1997 Torino34 (1)1997-1999 Reggiana51 (2)1999-2001 Cesena69 (1)2001-2004 Modena91 (2)200...

Root

Basal organ of a vascular plant This article is about the part of a plant. For other uses, see Root (disambiguation). Rooted redirects here. For the 1969 play and TV movie adaptation, see Rooted (film). For the song, see Ciara discography. Primary and secondary roots in a cotton plant In vascular plants, the roots are the organs of a plant that are modified to provide anchorage for the plant and take in water and nutrients into the plant body, which allows plants to grow taller and faster. ...

 

Jackson Keefer

American football player (1900–1966) Jackson KeeferDate of birthMay 1, 1900Place of birthOlney, Illinois, U.S.Date of deathAugust 3, 1966Place of deathDayton, Ohio, U.S.Career informationPosition(s)Halfback, FullbackUS collegeMichigan, BrownCareer historyAs player1922Michigan1924–1925Brown1926Providence Steam Roller1928Dayton Triangles Career highlights and awards 2× Third-team All-American (1924, 1925) Second-team All-Eastern (...