Sansende vesener

Buddhistmunk som beskytter en skadet spurv. Likirklosteret, Ladakh, India

Sansende vesener i buddhismen er vesener som har bevissthet, oppfattelsesevne eller i noen sammenhenger liv i seg selv.[1]

Sansende vesener består ifølge buddhismen av fem aggregater, eller skandhas: materie, følelse, persepsjon, mental skaperkraft og bevissthet. I Samyutta Nikaya sies det at Buddha hadde sagt at «nettopp som ordet 'vogn' eksisterer på bakgrunn av sammenføyningen av deler, slik er det også med konseptet om 'vesener' som eksisterer med de fem aggregater tilgjengelige.»[2] Mens den distinkte bruken og de potensielle underavdelinger eller klasser av sansende vesener varierer fra skole til skole, fra lærer og filosof, dveler begrepet sansende vesener seg med vesener i motsetning til buddhanaturen. Sansende vesener er karakterisert ved at de ikke er opplyste og derfor dømt til død, gjenfødelse og dukkha (lidelse), som er en egenskap ved saṃsāra.[3]

Mahāyānabuddhismen lærer imidlertid at også sansende vesener inneholder buddhanatur – det iboende potensial til å transcendere alle forutsetninger for saṃsāra og oppnå opplysning og buddhanatur.[4]

Referanser

  1. ^ Getz, Daniel A. (2004). "Sentient beings"; cited in Buswell, Robert E. (2004). Encyclopedia of Buddhism. Volume 2. New York, USA: Macmillan Reference USA. ISBN 0-02-865720-9 (Volume 2): pp.760
  2. ^ David Kalupahana, Causality: The Central Philosophy of Buddhism. The University Press of Hawaii, 1975, page 78.
  3. ^ Kimura, Kiyotaka (1991). The Self in Medieval Japanese Buddhism: Focusing on Dogen Arkivert 14. oktober 2008 hos Wayback Machine.; cited in Philosophy East and West; Volume 41, Number 3, July 1991. University of Hawaii Press: pp.327–340. Accessed 22 October 2008.
  4. ^ Muller, Charles A. (1995). «The Key Operative Concepts in Korean Buddhist Syncretic Philosophy: Interpenetration (通達) and Essence-Function (體用) in Wŏnhyo, Chinul and Kihwa». Bulletin of Toyo Gakuen University. Arkivert fra originalen 28. august 2008. Besøkt 21. oktober 2008. «In Buddhism, t'i [體] is regarded as the fundamentally enlightened Buddha-mind that is present in all beings, whereas yung [用] is the manifestation of that mind in actual practice—whether it be a full manifestation (enlightened Buddha) or limited manifestation (ignorant sentient being).»  «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 29. desember 2009. Besøkt 8. september 2019. 
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