Royal Society of Arts

Royal Society of Arts, London

Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (RSA) er en britisk tverrfaglig institusjon som er basert i London.

Kjente medlemmer av Royal Society inkluderer Benjamin Franklin, Karl Marx, Adam Smith, William Hogarth, John Diefenbaker, Stephen Hawking og Charles Dickens. Organisasjonens uttrykte hovedformål i samfunnet var å utvikle vitenskap, raffinere kunst, forbedre og utvide handel både nasjonalt og internasjonalt. Men Royal Society ble også grunnlagt av behovet for å lindre fattigdom og sikre full sysselsetting blant befolkningen.

RSA ble grunnlagt i 1754 av William Shipley og ble opprinnelig modellert av Dublin Society. I 1774 flyttet institusjonen inn i et nytt bygg i London som var designet av de kjente designerne James Adam og Robert Adam som en del av deres innovative ordning. RSA er fremdeles aktiv, men den har også ekspandert til andre tilstøtende bygninger i de mellomliggende årene. I sine tidlige år, tilbød Royal Society diverse premier og utmerkelser til personer som klarte å oppnå et visst antall publiserte vitenskapelige verker. Kaptein William Bligh ble utsatt for Mytteriet på Bounty under et forsøk på å bli tildelt en slik premie for å frakte brødfrukt fra øst til Vestindia. Han gjentok senere den samme reisen og denne gangen lyktes han, og Royal Society tildelte ham prisen.

Royal Society tilbød premier for et svært bredt spekter av vitenskapelige utfordringer blant annet for å utvikle nye former for maskiner og forbedringer til landbruket, inkluderte måter som forbedret dyrking av opiumsvalmuer. RSA var vert for Storbritannias første utstilling av moderne kunst som var en stor suksess. Som et resultat, ble Royal Academy of Arts dannet i 1768 av Thomas Gainsborough og Joshua Reynolds, to tidlige medlemmer av RSA, som en spin-off organisasjon av Royal Society.

The National Training School for Music ble grunnlagt i London av Royal Society i 1876. Denne skolen ble senere etterfulgt av Royal College of Music. Hvert år ble en rekke medaljer utdelt av Royal Society, inkludert den prestisjetunge Albert Medal og Benjamin Franklin Medal. Personer som har blitt tildelt utmerkelser fra Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce har blant annet vært Nelson Mandela, Frank Whittle og professor Stephen Hawking, Thomas Bewick, samt flere andre vitenskapsmenn.

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