Pau

Pau
Rådhuset i Pau

Våpen

LandFrankrikes flagg Frankrike
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartementPyrénées-Atlantiques
ArrondissementPau
StatusKommune
Ligger vedGave de Pau[1]
Postnummer64000
Areal31,51 kvadratkilometer[2]
Befolkning78 620[3] (2022)
Bef.tetthet2 495,08 innb./kvadratkilometer
Høyder
 – Høyeste
 – Laveste
245
165
Høyde o.h.178 meter
Nettsidewww.pau.fr
Kart
Pau
43°18′03″N 0°22′12″V
Pau på Commons

Pau er en kommune og hovedstad i departementet Pyrénées-Atlantiques i regionen Nouvelle-Aquitaine i det sørvestlige Frankrike.

Pau ligger 10 mil fra Atlanterhavet og 5 mil fra fjellene Pyreneene.

Rett sør fra Pau ligger Jurançon som er kjent for sine søte hvitviner. Sykkelrittet Tour de France bruker Pau svært ofte som start eller målby for etapper gjennom Pyreneene.

Historie

Det ble bygd festningsverk på stedet på 1000-tallet; det er ikke sikkert at det har eksistert en bosetting her før. Pau betyr «palisade» på oksitansk, og var sete for vicomtene i Béarn. Pau ble derfor hovedstad i Béarn i 1464.

Château de Pau har to tårn fra 1100-tallet, mens det største er fra 1300-tallet. Det ble tidlig på 1500-tallet omgjort til bosted av Gaston Fébus, greve i Foix, og ble brukt som residens av kongene av Navarra når de besøkte Béarn.

Kong Henrik IV av Frankrike (1553–1610) ble født i Pau, etter at hans mor, dronning Jeanne d'Albret av Navarra, hadde krysset Pyrenéene for å sikre at han skulle bli født i Frankrike. Leppene til barnet ble fuktet med den lokale vinen og gnidd med hvitløk like etter han var født. Da Henrik IV dro bort fra Pau for å bli Konge av Frankrike, sa han at han gav ikke Béarn til Frankrike, han gav Frankrike til Béarn.

Kong Karl Johan av Sverige og Norge ble også født på châteauet, i 1763. Slottet blir i dag regnet som et fransk historisk monument og inneholder en flott samling av veggtepper.

Napoleon III pusset opp slottet, mens Pau la til gater av Belle Époque-arkitektur, før moten flyttet seg til Biarritz. Pau er fremdeles et stort senter for vintersport og ridning, og er også åsted for et terrengritt for hest.

Referanser

  1. ^ Sandre, www.sandre.eaufrance.fr[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  2. ^ répertoire géographique des communes, Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière, Wikidata Q20894925, https://geoservices.ign.fr/documentation/diffusion/index.html 
  3. ^ (på fr) Populations de référence 2022, INSEE, 19. desember 2024, Wikidata Q131560738, https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8290669 

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