Pasargadae

Gravmonumentet over Kyros den store
«Jeg er Kyros kongen, en akamenide», inskripsjon på en søyle i Pasargadae på gammelpersisk, elamittisk og akkadisk.

Pasargadae (persisk:پاسارگاد; Pāsārgād) er en oldtidsby som ligger nær Persepolis og Shiraz i dagens Iran. Det var den gamle hovedstaden til den persiske kongen Kyros den store (559–530 f.Kr.) og dessuten hvor han er gravlagt. Det er i dag et betydningsfullt arkeologisk sted og er på Unescos verdensarvliste. Grunnet utbygning av en moderne demning er levningene truet av raskere nedbrytning.[1]

Historie

Kyros den store begynte konstruksjonen av sin hovedstad i 546 f.Kr., eller kanskje noe senere. Den var fortsatt uferdig da han døde i et slag, i 530 eller 529 f.Kr. Levningene av graven til Kyros' sønn og etterfølger Kambyses finnes i Pasargadae, nær festningen Toll-e Takht, og ble identifisert i 2006.[2]

Pasargadae forble den persiske hovedstaden fram til Kambyses II flyttet den til Susa. Senere opprettet Dareios den store en ny hovedstad i Persepolis. Det arkeologiske stedet Pasargadae dekker et område på 1,6 km og omfatter en struktur som er antatt å være gravstedet til Dareios, festningen Toll-e Takht er lokalisert på toppen av en høyde rett ved, og restene av to kongelige palasser og hageanlegg. Pasargads persiske hageanlegg er det antatt tidligste eksempelet på persisk firefoldig hageanlegg som kalles sjerbag.

Nyere forskning av Pasargadaes struktur har vist at akamenideingeniører har bygget byen til å stå imot kraftige jordskjelv, opptil det som i dag er klassifisert som 7,0 på Richters skala.[3]

Referanser

  1. ^ Ancient Pasargadae threatened by construction of dam Arkivert 11. mars 2007 hos Wayback Machine., Mehr News Agency, 28. august 2004
  2. ^ Tabeshian, Maryam: «Discovered Stone Slab Proved to be Gate of Cambyses' Tomb», Payvand News. 14. desember 2006
  3. ^ «Achaemenid Engineers Constructed Pasargadae to Withstand Seven Richter Scale Earthquake», CAIS News, 27. august 2006

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