Nestorius

Nestorius
Født380-åreneRediger på Wikidata
Kahramanmaraş[1]
Dødca. 451[2][3]Rediger på Wikidata
Øvre Egypt
BeskjeftigelseSkribent, katolsk biskop, katolsk prest, Christian theologian Rediger på Wikidata
Embete
NasjonalitetØstromerriket
GravlagtKharga (kildekvalitet: sannsynlig)
Nestorius på Commons

Nestorius (gresk: Νεστόριος, født omkring 381 i Germanicia som tilsvarer dagens Kahramanmaraş, død omkring 451 i Kharga) var patriark av Konstantinopel mellom 428 og 431. Han gav støtet til den såkalte nestorianismen ved sine forsøk på å megle mellom stridende grupper innen teologien. En gruppe ledet av patriarken Kyrillos i Alexandria understreket at Maria var en gudeføderske slik som kirkemøtet i Nikea hadde fastslått i år 325 mens andre hevdet at Jesu egenskap som guddommelig ikke kunne være født i det hele tatt. Nestorius hadde keiser Theodosius IIs støtte til å lansere begrepet Kristusføderske som et kompromiss, men lyktes ikke i å forsone partene.

I stedet ble Nestorius beskyldt for kjetteri. I 430 skrev han et bønneskrift til pave Cølestin I, som imidlertid tok Kyrillos av Alexandrias parti. Året derpå ble konsilet i Efesus holdt i 431 der Nestorius ble avsatt som biskop og hans lære erklært å være kjettersk. I 451 ble læren atter fordømt ved konsilet i Chalkedon av de bispesseter som senere dannet de katolske og ortodokse kirkene. Biskopene lengst i øst, i Mesopotamia og Persia, medvirket imidlertisd ikke i disss beslutninger og innen den moderne Østens apostoliske og katolske assyriske kirke feires hans helgendag den 25, oktober.

Referanser

  1. ^ www.princeton.edu[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  2. ^ AlKindi, oppført som Nestorius, Diamond Catalog ID for persons and organisations 46076[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  3. ^ Brockhaus Enzyklopädie, oppført som Patriarch von Konstantinopel (428 bis 431) Nestorius, Brockhaus Online-Enzyklopädie-id nestorius-patriarch-von-konstantinopel-428-bis-431, besøkt 9. oktober 2017[Hentet fra Wikidata]

Litteratur

  • Luise Abramowski:: Untersuchungen des Liber Heraclidis des Nestorius. Secrét. du Corpus Scriptorum Christianorm Orientalium, Louvain 1963.
  • Angelo Amato: Nestorius. I: Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche 3. Aufl. Band 7 (1998), Sp. 745 - 749.
  • George A. Bevan: The New Judas. The Case of Nestorius in Ecclesiastical Politics, 428–451 CE (= Late Antique History and Religion. Band 13). Peeters, Leuven 2016, ISBN 978-90-429-3259-3
  • Leonhardt Fendt: Die Christologie Nestorius - Inaugural-Dissertation. Kösel, Kempten. 1910.
  • Alois Grillmeier: Jesus Christus im Glauben der Kirche. 3. verb. u. ergänzte Aufl. Herder, Freiburg i.Br. ./Basel/Wien 1990, S. 642–660.
  • Friedrich Loofs: Nestoriana, Niemeyer, Halle 1905.
  • Luigi I. Scipioni, Nestorio e il concilio di Efeso. Vita e Pensiero Mailand 1974.
  • Lionel R. Wickham: Nestorius/Nestorianischer Streit. I: Theologische Realenzyklopädie. Band 24 (1994), S. 276–286.

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