Mantineia

Mantineia
Μαντίνεια
LandHellas’ flagg Hellas
PeriferiPeloponnes
PrefekturArkadia
TidssoneUTC+02.00
Postnummer220 05
Retningsnummer2791
Areal205,393 km²
Befolkning2 114 (2011)
Bef.tetthet10,29 innb./km²
Høyde o.h.600 meter
Posisjonskart
Mantineia ligger i Hellas
Mantineia
Mantineia
Mantineia (Hellas)
Kart
Mantineia
37°37′00″N 22°23′00″Ø
Mantineia på Commons

Mantineia (gresk: Mαντίνεια, tidligere også Antigonia – Αντιγόνεια) var en by i antikkens Arkadia i det sentrale Peloponnes som var åstedet for to betydelige slag i klassisk gresk historie. Det er også et byområde i dagens Arkadia i Hellas med sitt sete i landsbyen Nestani.

Dagens by

I moderne tid var Mantineia en tidligere kommune i Arkadia på Peloponnes, men siden reformen i lokalstyre i 2011 er den blitt en del av kommunen Tripoli hvor den er en kommunal enhet.[1] Dets sete var landsbyen Nestani som hadde 778 beboere i 2001. Mantineia er lokalisert i den nordøstlige delen av Arkadia. Dens kommunale enhet har et landareal på 205 393 km² og en befolkning på 3 510 innbyggere. De største av de andre landsbyene er Artemísio (654 beboere), Loukás (653 beboere), og Kapsas (505 beboere).

Historie

Det første slaget ved Mantineia i 418 f.Kr. var peloponneserkrigens største slag på land. På den ene siden stod Sparta og deres gjenværende allierte, og mot dem Athen, deres allierte og byer som hadde gjort opprør mot spartanerne. Etter at Lakhes, den athenske kommandanten, ble drept, vendte krigslykken, og athenerne og de allierte arméene flyktet, et resultat som ble tillagt spartanernes større mot.

Det andre slaget ved Mantineia i 362 f.Kr. brøt Spartas hegemoni. Athen og Sparta var allierte, men Theben vant, selv om deres største general, Epaminondas, falt i slaget.

Den makedonske kong Antigonos III Doson omdøpte senere byen til Antigonia etter seg selv. Mantineias navn ble gjeninnført av den romerske keiser Hadrian.[2]

Referanser

  1. ^ Kallikratis Arkivert 12. juli 2017 hos Wayback Machine. (PDF) det greske innenriksdepartementet (gresk)
  2. ^ Hazlitt: The Classical Gazetteer, s. 215, The Ancient Library

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