Komorene (øygruppe)

Komorenes beliggenhet mellom Afrika og Madagaskar

Komorene er ei øygruppe av vulkansk opprinnelse som ligger i den nordlige delen av Mosambikkanalen mellom det nordøstlige Madagaskar og det nordvestlige Mosambik. Tre av øyene i øygruppa utgjør staten Komorene, mens den fjerde tilhører Frankrike.

Naturgeografi

Vulkanen Karthala på Ngazidja eller Grande Comore
Parti av Maore eller Mayotte

Det er fire større, og en mengde mindre, øyer på Komorene. De viktigste øyene er Ngazidja eller Grande Comore (1148 km²), Ndzwani eller Anjouan (424 km²), Mwali eller Mohéli (290 km²) og Maore eller Mayotte (374 km²). Øyene har forskjellige navn på komorisk og fransk, den tidligere kolonimaktens språk. Øygruppa har oppstått ved et vulkansk varmepunkt i en prosess som tok til for nesten 8 millioner år siden.[1] Maore (Mayotte) ble dannet for 7,7 millioner år siden og er den eldste og mest eroderte av øyene. Mwali (Mohéli) er 5 million år og Ndzwani (Anjouan) 3,9 millioner år gammel. Den yngste øya er Ngazidja (Grande Comore), som ble til for 10 000 år siden og som har en fortsatt aktiv vulkan, Karthala, på 2361 moh.[1]

Klima

Komorene ligger like sør for ekvator. Klimaet er tropisk. Årstida fra november til april er varm og fuktig. Temperaturen varierer typisk mellom 28 og 32 grader celsius. Fra mai til oktober er været typisk kaldere, mellom 24 og 27 grader celsius, og det er mindre nedbør.[1]

Politisk geografi

Politisk er øygruppa delt, der tre av øyene sammen utgjør den selvstendige staten Unionen Komorene, mens den fjerde øya, Mayotte, et fransk oversjøisk departement.[2]

Referanser

  1. ^ a b c «Comoros geography» Arkivert 4. januar 2014 hos Wayback Machine., ECDD Comoros Project.
  2. ^ «Comoros history» Arkivert 4. januar 2014 hos Wayback Machine.,ECDD Comoros Project.

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