Irkutsk

Irkutsk

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LandRusslands flagg Russland
Ligger vedAngara
Irkut
Ushakovka
Irkutsk Reservoir
Grunnlagt1661
Postnummer664000–664999
Retningsnummer3952
Areal277 kvadratkilometer
Befolkning623 736[1] (2017)
Bef.tetthet2 251,75 innb./kvadratkilometer
Høyde o.h.440 meter
Bystatus1686
Nettsideadmirk.ru/
Kart
Irkutsk
52°17′00″N 104°18′00″Ø
Irkutsk på Commons
Jernbanestasjonen i Irkutsk

Irkutsk (russisk: Ирку́тск) er en by og administrasjonssenter i Irkutsk oblast i Russland. Byen er en av de største i Sibir og ligger 5185 km med tog øst for Moskva. Innbyggertall: 593 604 (folketelling 2002).

Geografi og klima

Byområdet ligger ved elven Angara (en sideelv til elven Jenisej) 75 km nedenfor dens utspring fra den 700 km lange Bajkalsjøen, og på motsatt bredde i forhold til forstaden Glaskovsk. Elven som her er 580 m bred, krysses av en hengebro. Elven Irkut, som har gitt navn til byen, er en liten elv som møter Angara like ved byen. Hoveddelen av byen avgrenses av en del viktige landemerker: Klosteret, Fortet og Havna, i tillegg til dens forsteder ved en annen sideelv: Ida, eller Usjakovka.

Som en sibirsk by har Irkutsk et subarktisk klima, kjennetegnet ved ekstrem variasjon i temperaturer mellom årstidene. Det kan være veldig varmt om sommeren, og brutal kulde om vinteren. Den varmeste måneden i året i Irkutsk er juli, med en gjennomsnittstemperatur på 18 ℃, og den kaldeste måneden i året er januar med en gjennomsnittlig temperatur på −19 ℃. Nedbørsmengdene varierer også mye. Den våteste måneden er juli, med 119 mm nedbør i snitt. Tørrest er februar med et snitt på bare 7,6 mm, hovedsakelig fordi nesten all nedbør i den sibirske vinteren faller som tørr snø.

Transport

Viktige veier og jernbaner, som Den transsibirske jernbanen, forbinder Irkutsk med andre regioner i Russland og Mongolia. Byen har to flyplasser: Irkutsk internasjonale lufthavn og den mindre Irkutsk nordvestre lufthavn.

Utdanning

Utdanningsinstitusjoner i Irkutsk inkluderer Irkutsk universitet for Jernbanetransport (siden 1975), Irkutsk Statlige Universitet (1918), Baykalsky statlige universitet for økonomi og juss (1932), Irkutsk Tekniske Universitet (1939), Irkutsk Landbruksakademi, Irkutsk universitet for lingvistikk (1948), Irkutsk medisinske universitet, Irkutsk pedagogiske høyskole. Blant private høyskoler finnes: Det sibirske institutt for juss, økonomi og administrasjon (1993), Institute of Economics of ISTU (1996).

Bilder fra Irkutsk

Referanser

  1. ^ (på ru) Численность населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2017 года, Moskva: Rosstat, 2017, Wikidata Q41348632, http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2017/bul_dr/mun_obr2017.rar 

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