Ildringen i Stillehavet

Ildringen i Stillehavet. Her finnes over 75 % av alle kjente vulkaner (aktive og sovende), og ca. 90 % av alle registrerte jordskjelv forekommer her.

Ildringen i Stillehavet (engelsk: Pacific Ring of Fire) er navnet på et 40 000 kilometer langt, hesteskoformet belte av dyphavsgroper, vulkanbelter og plategrenser som ligger langs randen av Stillehavet i Asia, Amerika og Oseania.

Vulkaner og jordskjelv

Langs Ildringen ligger 452 vulkaner, vesentlig i subduksjonssoner. Over 75 % av verdens aktive og sovende vulkaner ligger i Ildringen.[1]. Andelen av de kraftigste utbruddene er enda høyere, med 17 av de 18 kjente vulkanutbruddene med vulkaneksplosivitetsindeks (VEI) 5 eller mer siden 1800.[2] Til dem hører Tambora 1815[3], Krakatau 1883[4] og Pinatubo 1991. Også de to siste supervulkanutbruddene har skjedd i Ildringen. Særlig utsatt for kraftige utbrudd (VEI 4 og mer) er Indonesia, Kamtsjatkahalvøya i Russland, Filippinene og Japan.[5] Også ca. 90 % av alle registrerte jordskjelv[6] og ca. 81 % av de største jordskjelvene[7] har funnet sted i Ildringen.

Referanser

  1. ^ http://geography.about.com/cs/earthquakes/a/ringoffire.htm Arkivert 4. desember 2010 hos Wayback Machine..
  2. ^ «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 17. januar 2012. Besøkt 8. januar 2014. 
  3. ^ «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 2. juni 2012. Besøkt 8. januar 2014. 
  4. ^ «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 4. oktober 2012. Besøkt 8. januar 2014. 
  5. ^ «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 17. januar 2012. Besøkt 8. januar 2014. 
  6. ^ http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/glossary/?termID=150
  7. ^ «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 5. mars 2010. Besøkt 8. januar 2014. 

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