Hermann av Kärnten

Hermann av Kärnten
Fødtca. 1100[1]Rediger på Wikidata
Istria
Dødca. 1160Rediger på Wikidata
BeskjeftigelseMatematiker, oversetter, astronom, filosof, skribent, astrolog, meteorolog, naturviter Rediger på Wikidata
NasjonalitetDet tysk-romerske rike

Hermann av Kärnten (født ca 1100 i Istria, død 1160) var en filosof, astrolog, astronom, matematiker, oversetter og forfatter.

Biografi

Hermann av Kärnten ble født ca 1100 i Istria som på den tiden tilhørte grevskapet Karantania. Han ble kjent ved mange navn: Hermannus Dalmata, Hermannus Sclavus, Hermannus Secundus, Hermannus de Carinthia med flere.

Sin utdannelse påbegynte han i et benediktinerkloster i Istria. Deretter reiste han till Chartres og Paris og studerte naturkunnskap, filosofi og astronomi under ledelse av Thierry av Chartres. Sammen med sin studiekamerat Robert av Ketton foretok han en reise til Orienten (1135-1138) og studerte arabisk vitenskap i Konstantinopel og Damaskus. Da han kom tilbake til Europa, fortsatte han sine studier ved oversetterskolen i Toledo under ledelse av Peter Venerabilis.

Verk

Hermann av Kärnten har tolket og oversatt til latin cirka femten arabiske vitenskapsverker. De spilte en avgjørende rolle i utviklingen av den datidige vestlige vitenskap.

Hans mest kjente verk er «De essentiis» (1143), en tolkning av arabisk aristotelisme og platonisme i pakt med Chartres-skolens filosofi. Blant hans oversettelser kan nevnes Euklids «Elementer», Ptolemaios’ «Planisphairion», Abu Ma'shars generelle innføring i astronomien (Kitab al-mudkhal al-kabir ila 'ilm ahkam an-nujjum), og Koranen. Islams stadig større utbredelse uroet datidens kristne Europa.[2] Hermann av Kärnten bidro til å øke kunnskapen om islam og dens kultur.

Andre verker tilskrevet Kärnten:

  • Liber imbrium (Værboken) om meteorologi, 1140/1141
  • De indagatione cordis (Om hjertets ransakelse), om astrologi
  • De matematiske og astronomiske verkene De mensura, De utilitatibus astrolabii og De compositione et usu astrolabii, før 1143

Edisjoner

  • De Essentiis. A Critical Edition with Translation and Commentary, ved Charles Burnett, Leiden/Köln 1982.
  • De indagatione cordis, i Sheila Low-Beer, Herman of Carinthia: The Liber imbrium, The Fatidica and the De indagatione cordis, City University of New York.
  • Hubert L. L. Busard (ed.), The translaton of the Elements of Euclid from the Arabic into Latin by Hermann of Carinthia (?), books VII–XII, Leiden 1968.
  • Hubert L. L. Busard (ed.), The translaton of the Elements of Euclid from the Arabic into Latin by Hermann of Carinthia (?), Amsterdam 1977.

Referanser

  1. ^ Catalogue of the Library of the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, oppført som Hermannus Dalmata, Angelicum ID 37019[Hentet fra Wikidata]
  2. ^ «Introduction to Astronomy, Containing the Eight Divided Books of Abu Ma'shar Abalachus». World Digital Library. 1506. Besøkt 15. juli 2013. 

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