Hallstein Myklebost

Hallstein Myklebost
Født16. des. 1923Rediger på Wikidata
Død27. jan. 2000Rediger på Wikidata (76 år)
BeskjeftigelseGeograf, universitetslærer Rediger på Wikidata
NasjonalitetNorge
Medlem avDet Norske Videnskaps-Akademi

Hallstein Myklebost (født 16. desember 1923 i Bodin, død 27. januar 2000) var en norsk geograf. Han var dosent ved Universitetet i Oslo 1960–1965, professor ved Universitetet i Bergen 1968–1970 og professor ved Universitetet i Oslo fra 1970. Han er mest kjent for forskning om urbanisering.

Myklebost ble dr.philos. i geografi i 1960, og doktoravhandlingen Norges tettbygde steder 1875–1950 er hans hovedverk; i denne boka ble begrepet tettsted lansert og nærmere definert for norske forhold.

Myklebost tar for seg urbaniseringsprosessen gjennom 75 år, fylke for fylke. En av hans målsettinger var å komme fram til et egnet statistisk bybegrep for en funksjonell tettbebyggelse.

Begrepet by var upresist. Hussamling passet best for mindre steder. Bygdeby var for snevert i betydning. Tettbebyggelse var tungvint. Valget sto mellom tettbygg og tettsted. Tettsted ble foretrukket, bl.a. fordi det var språklig fritt for assosiasjonsinnhold.

Han stilte seg spørsmål om hvilke krav man måtte stille til et sted for at det skulle være urbant. Han endte med å stille krav om et bestemt folketall (minst 200 innbyggere), en maksimal avstand mellom husene (50 meter) og at næringslivet ikke måtte domineres av jordbruk (minst 75 % av ervervsbefolkningen må være ansatt i andre næringer enn jord- og skogbruk). Steder som tilfredsstiller disse kravene faller innenfor definisjonen av tettsted: Alle byer, også medregnet forsteder, industristeder, kommunikasjonsknutepunkter, kommunesentra, fiskevær etc. hvor ikke avstanden mellom husene er mer enn 50 meter og innbyggertallet er over 200 mennesker er å betrakte som tettsteder. Myklebosts definisjon er, med unntak av det næringsøkonomiske kriterium, tatt i bruk av Statistisk sentralbyrå.

Han ble medlem av Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i 1969.

Litteratur

Hans Solerod: Portrett av Hallstein Myklebost ved fratredelsen 11.6.93 Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography Volume 47, Issue 4, 1993.

Referanser


Eksterne lenker

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