Golden Gate Park

Golden Gate Park
LandUSAs flagg USA
Grunnlagt1870
Areal4 km²
OmrådeCalifornia
Opprettet1870-tallet
Årlig besøkstall13 millioner[1]
Kart
Golden Gate Park
37°46′11″N 122°28′37″V
Golden Gate Park på Commons
Conservatory of Flowers
Solstråler ved Stow Lake
Luftfoto

Golden Gate Park er den største byparken i San Francisco i California i USA. Med sine 4,1 kvadratkilometer (den er 5 km lang og 800 meter bred) er den større enn Central Park i New York. Parken ble planlagt av Frederick Law Olmsted og hans assistent John McLaren i 1860-årene på land som ble betraktet som uegnet for bebyggelse, og anlagt i 1870-årene under William Hammond Halls ledelse. Parken har ikke bare stort landareal med planter og trær, men også mange bygninger. Jordskjelvet i San Francisco i 1906 gjorde liten skade.

Det inngikk betydelig landskapsarkitektur i parken, som kunstige vannløp, en foss og innsjøer, slik at det ble til et avvekslende og troverdig naturlig anlegg. I 1875 ble det plantet 60 000 trær i parken (for det meste eukalyptus, montereyfuru og montereysypress) for å stabilisere terrenget. Senere er ytterligere omtrent like mange trær tilkommet. To vindmøller av hollandsk inspirasjon kom på plass i 1903 helt vest i parken, for å pumpe vann opp i parken.

Parken inneholder flere av San Franciscos severdigheter, blant annet De Young-museet, California Academy of Sciences og Conservatory of Flowers. Her er også USAs eldste japanske tehage, Japanese Tea Garden. Makato Hagiwara, en japansk anleggsgartner, som i 1895 anla og forvaltet så tehagen med dens bonsaitrær, dens tehus og alt det øvrige frem til 1942, regnes som utvikleren av de såkalte Fortune cookies. Anlegget har den såkalte Drum Bridge og senere tilkomne pagode og zen-hage.

En rekke statuer av historiske skikkelser er spredt rundt om i parken, av Francis Scott Key, Robert Emmet, Robert Burns, dobbelmonumentet til Johann Goethe og Friedrich Schiller, General Pershing, Beethoven, Giuseppe Verdi, president Garfield og Thomas Starr King. Bronsestatuen av Don Quixote og hans følgesvenn, Sancho Panza, knelende foran deres skaper, Cervantes, kombinerer fiktive skikkelser med en historisk forfatter.

Litteratur

  • Elizabeth May McClintock og Richard G. Turner: The Trees of Golden Gate Park and San Francisco, Heyday,‎ 2001, 244 s. ISBN 9781890771287.
  • Terence G. Young: Building San Francisco's Parks, 1850-1930 : Creating the North American Landscape, Johns Hopkins University Press,‎ 2004, 260 s. ISBN 9780801874321.

Referanser

  1. ^ «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 3. desember 2013. Besøkt 23. april 2017. 

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