EUs politi- og strafferettslige samarbeid

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Den europeiske unions
institusjoner og forfatning
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Det politi- og strafferettslige samarbeid var den tredje av Den europeiske unions (EU) tre søyler, også kalt pillarstrukturen. De to øvrige søylene var Det europeiske fellesskap og Den felles utenriks- og sikkerhetspolitikk. Samarbeidet ble ved Amsterdam-traktaten i 1999 tilpasset Schengen-samarbeidet.

Historie

Samarbeidet begynte som TREVI, opprettet som et samarbeid utenfor EU i 1975.[1]

Ved Maastricht-avtalen fra 1992, ble justis- og rettssektoren – Det Retts- og indrepolitiske samarbeidet (RIA), (engelsk: Justice and Home Affairs (JHA)) – fellesskapets tredje søyle.[2]

Amsterdam-traktaten fra 1999, tilpasset samarbeidet med Schengen-avtalen. Da ble ulovlig innvandring, visapolitikk, asylpolitikk og justissamarbeid inkludert.[3]

Organer

Det er opprettet to organer – Europol og Eurojust – for å bistå EUs medlemsstater i samarbeidet om bekjempelse av internasjonal organisert kriminalitet. Europol begynte sin virksomhet i 1999 mens Eurojust ble opprettet i 2002. Begge organene har hovedkvarter i Haag i Nederland.

Referanser

  1. ^ politidepartementet, Justis-og (21. mars 1997). «St.prp. nr. 42 (1996-97)». 012005-030003 (på norsk). Besøkt 7. august 2020. 
  2. ^ «Corporate Europe Observer 3-june 1999». web.archive.org. 4. april 2006. Arkivert fra originalen 4. april 2006. Besøkt 7. august 2020. 
  3. ^ Eriksen, Are (1997). Amsterdam-traktaten. Oslo: Nei til EU. s. 19. 
Signert
I kraft
Dokument 		1948
1948
Brüssel-traktaten 		1951
1952
Paris-traktaten 		1954
1955
Parisavtalene 		1957
1958
Roma-traktaten/
Euratom-traktaten 		1965
1967
Fusjons-traktaten 		1975
Rådets første møte
 1986
1987
Enhetsakten 		1992
1993
Maastricht-traktaten 		1997
1999
Amsterdam-traktaten 		2001
2003
Nice-traktaten 		2007
2009
Lisboa-traktaten
                       
Den europeiske unions tre søyler:  
De europeiske fellesskap (EF):  
Det europeiske atomenergifellesskap (EURATOM)
Det europeiske kull- og stålfellesskap (EKSF) Utløpt i 2002 Den europeiske union (EU)
    Det europeiske økonomiske fellesskap (EØF/EEC) Det europeiske fellesskap
    TREVI De rettslige- og indre anliggender (RIA)  
  Det politi- og strafferettslige samarbeide (PSS)
  Det europeiske politiske samarbeid (EPS) Den felles utenriks- og sikkerhetspolitikk (FUSP)
Vestunionen (WU) Den vesteuropeiske union (WEU)    
Utløpt i 2011  
                   

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