Den lilletyske løsning

Det tyske keiserrike (1871-1918) ble dannet etter mønster av den lilletyske løsning.

Den lilletyske løsning (Kleindeutsche Lösung) er navnet på en modell for en tysk nasjonalstat, og det ene av to alternativer som ble diskutert av nasjonalforsamlingen i Frankfurt i 1848.[1] Den innebar en samling av medlemsstatene i Det tyske forbund, bortsett fra Østerrike, til en nasjonalstat under ledelse av kongen av Preussen.

Alternativet til den lilletyske, var den stortyske løsning, som søkte å inkludere de tyskkulturelle områdene i Habsburgerriket.

Den lilletyske løsning ble foretrukket av dens tilhengere ut av:

  • nasjonale hensyn, idet Habsburgerne ikke har tenkt å utskille fra sitt herskapsområde Ungarn og andre sentraleuropeiske besittelser, der befolkningen var overveiende ikketysk;
  • strategiske hensyn fra Preussens side - prøysserne betraktet utelukkelsen av Østerrike som gunstig for deres eget etterstrebede hegemoni i det fremtridige tyske rike;
  • religiøse hensyn, idet den katolske innflytelse ville bli vesentlig mindre; vel ville den lilletyske løsning gi et betydelig katolsk innslag særlig i best og i sør, men med den stortyske løsning ville det katolske Østerrike og en rekke andre katolske områder komme i en dominerende stilling. Det protestantiske Preussen ville ha mer gjennomslag med en lilletysk løsning; en katolsk dominert løsning ville bli mindre kraftnasjonalistisk og mer paneuropeisk av tendens.

Den lilletyske løsning ble realisert etter de tyske samlingskrigene i 1871, da tyske nasjonalstat ble dannet med kongen av Preussen som tysk keiser.

Referanser

  1. ^ Arnulf Scriba (2015). «Revolution 1848». Deutsches Historisches Museum, Berlin. 
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