Benthos

På dette biletet ser me korallar, svampar og muslingar; typiske benthosdyr i tropisk saltvatn

Benthos eller bentiske organismar er eit samleomgrep for ulike organismar som lever i, på eller i umiddelbar nærleik av botnen av vatn. Desse organismane omfattar m.a. pigghudingar, svampar, korallar, muslingar, mange fisk og krepsdyr og ei rekkje andre livsformer.

Ein kan dela desse organismane inn etter kva slags næringsopptak dei har i plantebenthos og dyrebenthos, eller me kan dela dei inn etter storleik. Vanlegvis reknar ein Makrobenthos som bentiske organismar større enn 1 mm, meiobenthos som dei mellom 1 mm og 32 µm, og ein reknar organismar mindre enn dette som mikrobenthos. Ein tredje måte ein kan dela bentiske vesen inn etter kvar i botnsubstratet ein finn dei. Endobenthos lever i sedimenta, epibenthos lever på dei, og hyperbenthos lever rett over dei.

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