Opperjachtmeester van Brabant

Opperjachtmeester, opperjager of meesterjager (Frans: Grand Veneur) was een hofambt in het hertogdom Brabant, bekleed door een edelman of patriciër die het hoofd was van de hertogelijke jacht. Verwante functies aan het hof waren die van oppervalkenier, opperwoudmeester en broodmeester.

Geschiedenis

De eerste vermelding is die van een magister venator in 1294. Hij kreeg als ondergeschikte de waranthoeder (gruyer), vermeld in 1356. Rogier van Leefdael bekleedde de opperjagersfunctie, maar ook de Leuvense patriciërsfamilie Van Herent. De opperjachtmeester bestuurde vanaf 1399 het Jachthuis van Bosvoorde. Hij was verantwoordelijk voor de hondenmeutes en vervulde ook een gerechtelijke functie. Na de oprichting van het Consistorie van de Hoorn in 1518 ging de opperjachtmeester er het openbaar ministerie uitoefenen in een rolverdeling met zijn luitenant-generaal, de warantmeester. Vanaf eind 16e eeuw boette het ambt aan belang in en werd het meer een eretitel, terwijl de eigenlijke inhoud toeviel aan de warantmeester. Een akkoord van 1668 bevestigde dat het jachtmeesterschap werd vererfd in de familie Rubempré, later Merode. Hun belangrijkste recht was nog een aantal jachtbenoemingen te doen, maar ook dat raakte betwist. Keizer Jozef II schafte de functie af. Er bleef toen enkel een luitenant-oppervalkenier in het jachthuis, tot keizer Frans II het opperjachtmeesterschap in 1792 kort herstelde.

Opperjachtmeesters

Literatuur

  • Christophe Butkens, Supplément aux trophées tant sacrés que profanes du duché de Brabant, vol. II, 1726, p. 228 e.v.
  • Louis Galesloot, Recherches historiques de la maison de chasse des Ducs de Brabant et de l'ancienne cour de Bruxelles, 1854
  • Georges Dansaert, Les Grands Veneurs de Brabant, Brussel, L'Éventail, 1930
  • Maurits Vanhaegendoren en Etienne Sabbe, "Inventaire des archives de la Vénerie du Brabant et du Consistoire de la Trompe", in: Joseph Cuvelier (ed.), Cours pratique d'archivéconomie donné pendant les années 1928-1931, 1934, p. 1-23
  • Arlette Smolar-Meynart, La Justice ducale du plat pays, des forêts et des chasses en Brabant (XIIe - XVIe siècle). Sénéchal, maître des bois, gruyer, grand veneur, 1991. ISBN 9782930020006

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