Iraakse Turkmenen

Iraakse Turkmenen
Vlag van Iraakse Turkmenen
Vlag van Iraakse Turkmenen
Totale bevolking 3 miljoen[1]
Taal Turks (Iraaks dialect)
Geloof Islam
Sjiisme (Jafari), Soennisme (Hanafi)
Christendom (Rooms-Katholieke Kerk)[2][3]
Verwante groepen Turken, Syrische Turkmenen
Portaal  Portaalicoon   Landen & Volken

De Iraakse Turkmenen (ook gespeld als Iraakse Turkomanen, Turkomanen) Iraakse Turksen of Turken van Irak (Arabisch:تركمان العراق, Turks: Irak Türkmenleri, Irak Türkleri zijn een Turkse etnische groep met een Turks erfgoed en identiteit.[4] Turkmenen zijn de derde grootste etnische groep in Irak,[5][6] na Arabieren en Koerden. Iraakse Turkmenen wonen voornamelijk in het noorden van Irak en hebben nauwe culturele banden met Turkije, in het bijzonder de Anatolische regio.[7]

Het gebied bewoond door Iraakse Turkmenen wordt Turkmeneli genoemd.

Etymologie

De term "Turkmeen" lijkt een politieke terminologie, omdat het voor het eerst door de Britten werd gebruikt om de Iraakse Turken van Turkije te isoleren tijdens het "Mosoel vraagstuk" in de jaren '30.

Geschiedenis

De Iraakse Turkmenen zijn de afstammelingen van verschillende golven van Turkse migratie naar Mesopotamië te beginnen vanaf de 7e eeuw tot de Ottomaanse heerschappij. De eerste migratiegolf dateert uit de 7e eeuw, gevolgd door migraties tijdens het Seltsjoekenrijk.[8][9][10] De meeste van de huidige Iraakse Turkmenen zijn afstammelingen van de Ottomaanse soldaten, handelaren en ambtenaren die tijdens het bewind van het Ottomaanse Rijk naar Irak werden gebracht.[11][12][10][8]

Politiek

Een van de grootste partijen van de bevolkingsgroep is het Iraaks-Turkmeens Front.

Media

In 2004 werd in Kirkoek het televisiekanaal Türkmeneli TV geopend. De zender zend programma's uit in het Turks en Arabisch en vertegenwoordigt de Iraakse Turkmenen bij het Türkvizyonsongfestival.

Zie ook

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