Congregatie van Solesmes

Dom Prosper Guéranger, osb, die aanstuurde op de oprichting van de congregatie.

De Congregatie van Solesmes is een van de eenentwintig congregaties van de benedictijnse confederatie van de Orde van Sint-Benedictus.

Na de stichting van de Sint-Pietersabdij van Solesmes werd zij in 1837 opgericht door paus Gregorius XVI onder de naam « congregatie van Frankrijk ». De paus besliste dat deze congregatie de oude congregatie van Cluny, Sint-Vanne en Hydulphus en Sint-Maurus zou vervangen en hun privilegies zou overnemen waarvan ze erfgenaam was.

Ontwikkeling

Abdij van Keur Moussa (Senegal)

De nieuwe congregatie verspreidde zich snel op het ritme van de opeenvolgende stichtingen van Solesmes en andere kloosters van de congregatie: Ligugé in 1853, Marseille (wat later Ganagobie werd) in 1856, Silos in 1880, Wisques in 1889, Clervaux in 1890, Sainte-Marie (te Paris) in 1893, Saint-Wandrille in 1894, Kergonan in 1897.

Onder druk van de anti-klerikale wet van 1901 zag het monastieke leven in Frankrijk zich bedreigd en leidde de congregatie tot verschillende stichtingen in hun ballingsplaatsen: Saint-Benoît-du-Lac (Québec) in 1912, Quarr (Isle of Wight, Engeland) in 1922 en Oosterhout, Sint-Paulusabdij in 1907.

Na de Tweede Wereldoorlog kon de abdij van Solesmes opnieuw stichtingen doen in Frankrijk: de Abdij van Fontgombault in 1947, in Senegal: Abdij Keur-Moussa bij Dakar in 1961, Palendriai (Litouwen) in 1998. Fontgombault stichtte op zijn beurt de Abdij van Randol in 1968, de Abdij van Triors, de Priorij Notre-Dame de Gaussan in 1994 en Clear Creek (Verenigde Staten) in 1999[1]. De congregatie telt vandaag meer dan 915 monniken en monialen, waardoor ze een van de grootste benedictijnse congregaties is.

Organisatie

In 2009 telt de congregatie 32 huizen waarvan 14 gesitueerd in Frankrijk, 4 in Spanje, 1 in Luxemburg, 2 in Groot-Brittannië, 2 in Canada, 1 in Nederland, 2 in Senegal, 2 in Guinee, 1 in Litouwen, 2 in de Verenigde Staten en 2 priorijen in Martinique.

Elk klooster is autonoom, maar zoekt elk op zijn manier een eenheid te vormen rondom de erfenis van dom Guéranger en dit onder het voorzitterschap van de abt van Solesmes. Met name de zorg voor de liturgie, zoals deze gestalte vindt in de gregoriaanse gezangen en voor sommige kloosters in de Tridentijnse ritus, staat hierbij centraal.

Lijst van huizen

Sint-Pietersabdij te Solesmes.
Abdij van Randol.

[cijfers van mei 2009]

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