Batholiet

Schematische weergave van intrusielichamen in een gebied waar (felsisch) vulkanisme plaatsvindt. A = batholiet (nog niet gestold: een magmakamer); B = dike; C = laccoliet; D = pegmatiet; E = sill; F = stratovulkaan. Processen in de afbeelding: 1 = jongere intrusie snijdt door een oudere heen; 2 = xenoliet of roof pendant in een magmakamer; 3 = contactmetamorfose; 4 = aardoppervlak wordt opgeheven als gevolg van het ontstaan van een laccoliet.

Een batholiet is een lichaam van intrusief stollingsgesteente dat groter is dan 100 km². Batholieten zijn magmakamers die diep in de aardkorst afkoelden en stolden. Batholieten bestaan bijna altijd uit voornamelijk felsische of intermediaire gesteentesoorten zoals kwartsmonzoniet, graniet of dioriet.[1]

De naam batholiet is afgeleid van de Oudgriekse woorden βάθος, bathos ("diepte") en λίθος, lithos ("gesteente").

Batholieten komen voor op alle plekken waar magma gevormd wordt: onder mid-oceanische ruggen, hotspots, vulkanische bogen, en sommige collisiezones.

Een bekende batholiet is gelegen vlak bij Tsumeb in Namibië.

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