Jean de la Cassière

Jean de la Cassière
Gran Mastru tal-Ordni ta' San Ġwann ta' Ġerusalemm

1572 - 1581
Pietro del Monte - Hugues Loubenx de Verdalle
Ħajja
Twelid Auvergne, 1503
Nazzjonalità Franza
Mewt Ruma, 12 Diċembru 1581 (Gregorian)
Edukazzjoni
Lingwi Franċiż
Okkupazzjoni
Okkupazzjoni patri ġellied

Jean l'Evesque de la Cassière (1502 – 21 ta' Diċembru 1581) kien il-51 Gran Mastru tal-Ordni ta' Malta, mill-1572 sal-1581. Huwa kkummissjona l-bini tal-Knisja Konventwali tal-Ordni (illum il-Kon-Katidral ta' San Ġwann) fil-Belt Valletta, Malta, u huwa midfun fil-kripta tagħha.

La Cassière rċieva akklamazzjoni għall-qlubija tiegħu fil-battalja ta' Zoara fit-Tramuntana tal-Afrika fejn ħadem favur l-Ordni. Kien Gran Pirjol tal-Langue tal-Ordni ta' Auvergne meta ġie elett fit-30 ta' Jannar 1572 biex jieħu post Pierre de Monte bħala Gran Mastru.

L-ewwel snin tal-mandat tiegħu bħala Gran Mastru kienu kkaratterizzati minn tilwim bejn l-Ordni u l-Isqof ta' Malta Martín Royas de Portalrubio dwar il-ġurisdizzjoni ekkleżjastika tiegħu. Dan it-tilwim kien bla preċedent fl-istorja tal-Ordni peress li kienet waslet Malta fl-1530 b'għotja ta' sovranità virtwali mill-Imperatur Karlu V. La Cassière ma setax isolvi l-kwistjoni, li finalment ġiet sottomessa lill-Papa Girgor XIII li min-naħa tiegħu ħatar lil Pietro Dusina bħala Inkwiżitur, pass li La Cassière appoġġja għall-ewwel, iżda aktar tard dan spiċċa biex qajjem il-garr fi ħdan l-Ordni.[1]

It-tieni kunflitt sinifikanti nqala' fl-1575 mar-Repubblika ta' Venezja, meta iġfna tal-Ordni ħatfu bastiment Venezjan li kien qed iġorr tagħbija għal sidien Lhud. Venezja ħadet għaliha b'din l-azzjoni u l-Ordni malajr sofriet bil-fatt li l-proprjetà kollha tagħha fit-territorju Venezjan ġiet ikkonfiskata. Għal darb'oħra kien meħtieġ l-intervent tal-Papa, kif ukoll il-ħlas minn La Cassière ta' kumpens sħiħ, biex tissolva t-tilwima. U għal darb'oħra, kien hemm ħafna garr fost il-kavallieri dwar din iċ-ċanfira perċepita għad-dritt preżunt tagħhom li jikkonfiskaw kwalunkwe proprjetà ta' dawk li ma kinux Insara.

It-tielet u l-aktar każ serju ta' nkwiet fi ħdan l-Ordni matul il-mandat ta' La Cassière kien ikkawżat mir-Re Filippu II ta' Spanja li rnexxielu jirranġa l-ħatra ta' wieħed mill-qraba tiegħu, l-Arċiduka Wenzel (Wenceslaus) ta' 17-il sena tal-Awstrija (iben l-Imperatur Maximilan II, kuġin ta' Filippu), fil-Gran Pirjolat ta' Kastilja u Leon u lill-Bajlat ta' Lora. Irrabjati bl-indħil tar-re, il-kavallieri Kastiljani tal-Ordni rribellaw fil-miftuħ kontra din il-ħatra. B'reazzjoni, il-Papa ordnalhom li jiskużaw ruħhom pubblikament quddiem il-Gran Mastru u l-Kunvent Ġenerali għal din l-insubordinazzjoni.

Dawn il-ġrajjiet komplew qajmu l-garr kontra La Cassière fi ħdan l-Ordni u l-Kunvent Ġenerali. B'hekk huwa sar meqjus b'mod wiesa' bħala l-kawża tal-problemi u l-umiljazzjoni tal-Ordni. Eventwalment inqala' ammutinament fil-11 ta' Lulju 1581, meta l-Kunvent keċċa lil La Cassière u kkonfinawh fil-Forti Sant'Anġlu. B'hekk, Mathurin Romegas, li kien il-Gran Pirjol ta' Toulouse u l-aktar eroj navali ċċelebrat tal-Ordni, ġie elett Logutenent tal-Gran Mastru fl-1577, u effettivament sar Gran Mastru de facto.[2]

Il-Papa minnufih bagħat mibgħut speċjali, Gaspare Visconti, biex jinvestiga u, fl-istess ħin, jamministra l-Ordni sakemm it-tilwima tiġi riżolta. La Cassière u Romegas it-tnejn ġew imħarrka lejn Ruma biex jispjegaw l-imġiba tagħhom u jippreżentaw il-każ tagħhom. La Cassière wasal Ruma fis-26 ta' Ottubru 1581 u, fuq ordnijiet tal-Papa Girgor XIII, ġie ttrattat b'ħafna rispett u ċerimonji. B'kuntrast, Romegas kien ittrattat b'mod biered u b'ħafna disprezz, u miet waħdu u bi spirtu miksur, fi żmien ġimgħa, fl-4 ta' Novembru 1581. La Cassière ġie lliberat b'mod onorevoli minn kull akkuża kontrih u rrestawrat għall-pożizzjoni ta' Gran Mastru. Iżda ma għex biżżejjed biex igawdi t-trijonf tiegħu. Huwa miet f'Ruma fil-21 ta' Diċembru 1581 fl-età ta' tmienja u sebgħin sena. Il-katavru tiegħu ġie trasferit Malta u ġie midfun fil-Kon-Katidral ta' San Ġwann fil-Belt Valletta.[3]

L-arma ta' La Cassière

Letteratura

Jean de la Cassière u l-Battalja ta' Zoara jidhru fir-rumanz Falcon's Shadow: A Novel of the Knights of Malta ta' Marthese Fenech (BDL Publishing, 2020, ISBN 978-9918210442), it-tieni rumanz fit-triloġija ta' Fenech dwar l-Assedju l-Kbir.

Referenzi

  1. ^ Grima, Joseph F. (2 August 2020). "It happened in August: Mgr Pietro Dusina's arrival in Malta in 1574". Times of Malta. Arkivjat minn l-oriġinal fl-14 September 2020.
  2. ^ Dandria, David (19 June 2011). "An eventful year for the Order of St John in Malta". Times of Malta. Miġbur 19 November 2014.
  3. ^ Dandria, David (26 June 2011). "1581 affair ended by death, diplomacy". Times of Malta. Miġbur 19 November 2014.

Ħoloq esterni

Predeċessur
Pierre de Monte
Gran Mastru tal-Ordni ta' San Ġwann
1572–1581

Suċċessur
Hugues Loubenx de Verdalle

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