Ganj Dareh

Koordinat: 34°27′N 48°07′E / 34.450°N 48.117°E / 34.450; 48.117

Peta menunjukkan lokasi Ganj Dareh dan lain-lain tempat kegiatan penggembalaan awal.

Tepe Ganj Dareh (Parsi: تپه گنج دره; "Bukit Lembah Khazanah",[1] merupakan sebuah petempatan Neolitik di bahagian Kurdistan sebelah Iran. Letaknya di timur Kermanshah, di pertengahan Banjaran Zagros.[1]


Mula-mula ditemui pada tahun 1965, ia digali oleh pengkaji purba Kanada bernama Philip Smith pada 1960-an dan 1970-an.[1][2]

Tinggalan petempatan paling lama berusia sekitar 10,000 tahun,[3] serta membuahkan bukti pembelajinakan kambing terlama di dunia.[4][5][6]

Tinggalan tersebut dikelaskan kepada lima tahap pendudukan, iaitu dari A di atas hingga E.[7]

Rujukan

  1. ^ a b c Smith, Philip E.L. Architectural Innovation and Experimentation at Ganj Dareh, Iran, World Archaeology, Vol. 21, No. 3 (February, 1990), pp. 323-335
  2. ^ Smith, Philip E.L., Ganj Dareh Tepe, Paleorient, Vol. 2, Issue 2-1, pp.207-09 (1974)
  3. ^ Zeder, Melinda A. & Hesse, Brian. The Initial Domestication of Goats (Capra hircus) in the Zagros Mountains 10,000 Years Ago, Science (journal) 287, 2254 (2000)
  4. ^ What's Bred in the Bone, Discover, Julai 2000 ("After investigating bone collections from ancient sites across the Middle East, she found a dearth of adult male goat bones—and an abundance of female and young male remains—from a 10,000-year-old settlement called Ganj Dareh, in Iran's Zagros Mountains. This provides the earliest evidence of domesticated livestock, Zeder says.")
  5. ^ Harris, David R. (ed.) The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia, ms. 208, 249-52 (UCL Press 1996) (Reprint ISBN 978-1-85728-538-3)
  6. ^ Natural History Highlight: Old Goats In Transition Diarkibkan 2015-12-20 di Wayback Machine, National Museum of Natural History (Julai 2000)
  7. ^ Yelon, A., et al. Thermal Analysis of Early Neolithic Pottery From Tepe Ganj Dareh, Iran, in Materials issues in art and archaeology III (1992)

Bibliografi

  • Agelarakis A., The Palaeopathological Evidence, Indicators of Stress of the Shanidar Proto-Neolithic and the Ganj-Dareh Tepe Early Neolithic Human Skeletal Collections. Columbia University, 1989, Doctoral Dissertation, UMI, Bell & Howell Information Company, Michigan 48106.
  • Robert J. Wenke: "Patterns in Prehistory: Humankind's first three million years" (1990)

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