Croton
Ny Croton dia vondron-karazana zavamaniry mamony ao amin' ny fianakaviana Euphorbiaceae, ao amin' ny filaharana a Malpighiales. Miseho amin' ny endrika hazo sy hazobotry ary zavamaniry ahitra ny karazana ao amin' ny Croton. Iray amin' ny vondron-karazana lehibe indrindra amin' ny angiôsperma izy io, misy karazany 2 216, izany hoe eo amin' ny 0,5 % amin' ny karazana zavamaniry mamony rehetra.
Ity vondron-karazana ity dia miavaka noho ny fahasamihafan' ny endrika misy ao aminy, manomboka amin' ny zavamaniry ahitra ka hatramin' ny hazobotry sy ny hazo. Hita manerana ny faritra trôpikaly sy sobtrôpikaly manerana izao tontolo izao ny karazana misy ao aminy. Ny Croton tiglium, izay teratany any Azia Atsimo-Atsinanana, no karazana fantatra indrindra amin' ity vondron-karazana ity.
Ny zavamaniry ao amin' ny vondron-karazana Croton dia tsy tokony afangaro amin' ny "croton" amin' ny fitenin' ny mpamboly voninkazo, izay tsy inona fa ny Codiaeum variegatum. Nofaritan' ilay mpahay zavaboary soedoà Carl von Linné (1707-1778) tamin' ny taona 1753 ity vondron-karazana ity. Avy amin' ny teny grika hoe "Kroton" (κρότος / krótos), izay midika hoe "kongona", ny anaran' ilay vondrona, noho ny fitovian' ny voany amin' ny kongona. Ao amin' ny fanasokajiana filôjenetika APG III (2009) sy amin' ny fanasokajiana klasika nataon' i Cronquist (1981), dia voatendry ho ao amin' ny fianakaviana Euphorbiaceae izy io.
Karazana
Karazana misy eto Madagasikara
Misy karazany 114 ka hatramin' ny 150 eo ho eo ny Croton teratany eto Madagasikara. Indreto ny anarana malagasy iantsona ny maro amin' ny karazana ao amin' ny Croton: volafotsy (andriambolafotsy, diambolafotsy, ambolafotsilahy, ndrambolafotsy, ndriambolafotsy, ndriambolafotsy, volafotsi-), ndreambalafotsy, voalafotsy; aolilolo; fotsiavadika (fotsiavady), tsiavadika na tsiavalika (tsiavali-); jala; lazalaza (lazalaza-); molanga (molanga-) na molonga; monge na mongy (mongi-); sidy na sily (sili-); somora na somoro (somoro-). Indreto ny sasany amin' ireo karazana ireo:
- Croton adabolavensis —
- Croton adenocalyx —
- Croton adenophorus — hazomafaika, mafaikoditra
- Croton aleuritoides —
- Croton ambanivoulensis — voafatrala
- Croton ambovombensis Radcl.-Sm. & Govaerts — (any Atsimo-Andrefana)
- Croton androiensis — aolilolo, pisopiso
- Croton anisatus — anjety, voafatrala
- Croton ankarensis — tsibabendrendry
- Croton ankeranae —
- Croton anosiravensis Leandri —
- Croton antanosiensis — andriambavifohy, andriambolafotsy, aolilolo, lazalaza, ndreambalafotsy, ndrembahoaky, tsindafatra
- Croton arenicola — fotsiavadika, pisopisolahy, totovaliha
- Croton argyrodaphne — andriambolafotsy, jala, lazalaza, lazalazabe, voalafotsy, volafotsy, lazalaza
- Croton baldauffii — andriambolafotsy
- Croton barorum — somoro, tambio, tsiandrikandrinina
- Croton basaltorum —
- Croton bathianus — hazondehoky, nofotrakoho
- Croton bemaranus — somorobe
- Croton bernieri — somoro, vongavonga
- Croton bernieri var. namorokensis — somoro, vongavonga
- Croton bevilaniensis — tsiavalipotsy
- Croton bocquillonii — lazalazamadinika
- Croton boinensis — diambolafotsy, ndrembolafotsy
- Croton boiteaui — fandrambahora, tolakafotsy
- Croton boivinianus — (any Nosy Be, Avaratra-Andrefana)
- Croton bojerianum -- sily
- Croton brevispicatus — somoromadinika
- Croton cassinoides — hazonteva, tsiavalipotsy
- Croton catatii — ambolafotsilahy, andriambavifotsy, andriambolafotsy, hazomaditra, 54 lazalazamadinika, sily, tsiandafatra
- Croton chauvetiae —
- Croton chlaenacicomes — folafotsy
- Croton chrysodaphne — jala, monge, zalazaha, zazazola
- Croton cotoneaster — tangerondambo
- Croton crocodilorum — amalofolahy
- Croton crossolepis — (manodidina an’i Toliara)
- Croton danguyanus — saroka
- Croton decaryi — manitravelo, seliala, siliala, tsifemy
- Croton draco —
- Croton droguetioides — (faritra Alaotra-Mangoro)
- Croton elaeagni — andriambolafotsy, ndriambolamena, tifotifo, voalafotsy, volafotsikely, volafotsy, somoro
- Croton enigmaticus — (faritra Alaotra-Mangoro)
- Croton farinosus —
- Croton ferricretus — (manodidina an’i Moramanga)
- Croton geayi Leandri —
- Croton goudotii — bonetaka, hafodahy, kitondo, malanga, molanga, molonga, mongilahy, mongimavo, vontaka
- Croton greveanus — somoro, voalafotsy, volafotsy, savalika, sily, somorobe
- Croton horridulus — silifotsy
- Croton hovarum — mandravasarotra, sily, tsilimainty
- Croton humbertii — fandaiala, lazalaza, mangitranefiky, manitranefitra, mongilahy
- Croton hypochalibaeus — (alan-tendrombohitra any Atsinanana sy Afovoany)
- Croton indrisilvae —
- Croton isomonensis — andriambolafotsy, karimbola, somora, somoro, tsindafatra
- Croton jennyanus — kelibilo, silifotsy, somorokely, voalafotsy, volafotsy, vondrozanamadinidravina
- Croton kimosorum — zanompoly
- Croton lamianus — hazombato
- Croton lapiazicola Leandri —
- Croton lasiopyrus —
- Croton leandrii — (faritra Atsimo-Andrefana)
- Croton lepidotus — sily, sondafatra, talafoty, voalafotsy, volafotsy
- Croton loucoubensis — hazomafaika (Avaratra-Andrefana, Sambirano, Nosy Be)
- Croton macrobuxus — fisava, mongilahy
- Croton maevaranensis —
- Croton mahafaliensis — hazombalala
- Croton manampetsae —
- Croton mavoravina (= Croton mavoravinus) — mavoravina
- Croton menabeensis Leandri —
- Croton menarandrae — fipio
- Croton meridionalis — andriambolafotsy, aolilolo, ndrambolafotsy, tsiavalipotsy, tsivalimpotsy
- Croton meeusei Leandri —
- Croton mocquerysii — silimainty
- Croton mongue — molanga, monge, mongy, motafara (Atsinanana)
- Croton moraharivensis — akatamaimbo, sieze
- Croton multicostatus —
- Croton muricatus — mongikeliravina, talilatsy, talotaty
- Croton myriaster — andriambolafotsy, mangipasina, molangakay, molangamadinidravina, mongipasina, sidy, sily, velomitsingo
- Croton nitidulus — hazombavy, lazalaza, silimainty, somoro, jala, kilivony, selimainty
- Croton nobilis — ndriambolamena, lazalaza, sondafaka, tsiavadika
- Croton noronhae — andriambavifoty, anizety, fanafa, fotsiavadika, fotsiavady, kitimaroanaka, ndriambolafotsy
- Croton nudatus —
- Croton orangeae —
- Croton oreades — molanga
- Croton perrieri — kirojy, lazalaza, mamalifolahimamoaka, pisopisovavy, sampahy
- Croton platanifolius — hafodahy
- Croton plurispicatus —
- Croton radiatus —
- Croton rakotonianii — lazalaza
- Croton regeneratrix — mongibe
- Croton sahafariensis —
- Croton sakamaliensis — fandambahora
- Croton salviformis — aolilolo, voalafotsy, volafotsy
- Croton sambiranensis — tsokoiky
- Croton scoriarum — (avaratra sy afovoan-tany)
- Croton scottii — mongipasina, sieze, tsize
- Croton stanneum (= Croton stanneus) — sily
- Croton tranomarensis — aolilolo (Atsimo-Andrefana sy Atsimo-Atsinanana)
- Croton trichotomus — alazalaza, fotsiavadika, fotsiravina, jala, ndriambolafotsy, sijemy
- Croton tsiampiensis —
- Croton tsaratananae Leandri —
- Croton tulasneanus —
- Croton vernicosus — tsiavalipotsy
Jereo koa
Rohy ivelany
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