Sutartis

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Šis straipsnis apie sutartis civilinėje teisėje. Apie tarptautines sutartis skaitykite straipsnyje Tarptautinė sutartis.

Sutartis, kontraktas – 2 ar daugiau fizinių ar juridinių asmenų susitarimas sukurti, pakeisti ar nutraukti civilinius teisinius santykius, kai vienas ar keli asmenys įsipareigoja kitam asmeniui ar asmenims atlikti tam tikrus veiksmus (ar susilaikyti nuo tam tikrų veiksmų atlikimo), o pastarieji įgyja reikalavimo teisę.

Sutartis sudaroma pateikiant pasiūlymą (oferta) ir priimant pasiūlymą (akceptas) arba kitais šalių veiksmais, pakankamai įrodančiais šalių susitarimą.[1]

Rūšys

Sutartys gali būti:

  • pagal teisinius įsipareigojimus – dvišalės ir vienašalės
  • pagal atlygintinumą – atlygintinės ir neatlygintinės
  • pagal sudarymo bei įsigaliojimo ypatumus – konsensualinės ir realinės
  • vienkartinio įvykdymo sutartys ir tęstinio vykdymo sutartys
  • Pagal turinį – vartojimo, pirkimo pardavimo ir kitos.

Pagal sudarymo būdą sutartys skirstomos į abipusėmis derybomis sudaromas sutartis ir prisijungiant sudaromas sutartis.

Pagal gaunamos naudos apibrėžtumą sutartys skirstomos į rizikos sutartis (jose konkrečiai nenustatytas naudos gavimas ar šalių pareigos dydis arba tai priklauso nuo tam tikro įvykio buvimo ar nebuvimo) ir ekvivalentines sutartis (jose sudarymo metu konkrečiai nurodoma gaunama nauda ir jos dydis ar šalių pareigų dydis).

Šalys turi teisę laisvai sudaryti sutartis ir savo nuožiūra nustatyti tarpusavio teises bei pareigas, taip pat sudaryti ir įstatymų nenumatytas sutartis, jeigu tai neprieštarauja įstatymams.

Lietuvoje

Lietuvos teisėje sutartis reglamentuoja Civilinis kodeksas, taip pat kiti teisės aktai – tarptautinės privatinės teisės konvencijos, tarptautinės sutartys ar pan.

Šaltiniai

  1. ↑ CK, Šeštoji knyga, Prievolių teisė (6.162 str.) (2022-06-30)

Literatūra

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