Andronovo kultūra

Andronovo kultūra – bronzos amžiaus archeologinė kultūra, pavadinta Andronovo kaimo (Krasnojarsko kraštas), prie kurio 1914 m. rasti pirmieji radiniai, vardu. Kultūrą 1927 m. išskyrė rusų archeologas Sergejus Teplouchovas.

Arealas

Andronovo kultūra buvo paplitusi 2 tūkstantmečio pr. m. e. viduryje ir antroje pusėje tarp Uralo ir Jenisiejaus (Kazachija, Vakarų Sibiras, Pietų Pauralė). Andronovo kultūra apima didelę teritoriją, skiriama įvairių jos variantų.

Kultūra

Žmonės gyveno pusiau žeminėse bei antžeminiuose pastatuose. Naudojo titnaginius ir metalinius dirbinius. Laidota kapinynuose ir pilkapynuose; dalis kapų su apskritais ir keturkampiais akmenų vainikais. Mirusieji laidoti nedeginti ir sudeginti. Rasta titnaginių dirbinių, metalinių įrankiu ir ginklų, plokščiadugnės keramikos, puoštos geometriniu ornamentu, žalvarinių ir auksinių papuošalų.^[1] Priskiriama indoeuropiečiams – indoiranėnams.

Šaltiniai

↑ Algimantas Merkevičius. Andronovo kultūra. Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija, T. I (A-Ar). – Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas, 2001. 503 psl.

Literatūra

Bryant, Edwin, The Quest for the Origins of Vedic Culture: The Indo-Aryan Migration Debate, Oxford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0195137779 .
Diakonoff, Igor, Two Recent Studies of Indo-Iranian Origins / Journal of the American Oriental Society 1995, 115 (3): 473–477, doi:10.2307/606224 .
Fussman, G.; Kellens, J.; Francfort, H.-P.; Tremblay, X., Aryas, Aryens et Iraniens en Asie Centrale. Institut Civilisation Indienne. 2005 ISBN 2-86803-072-6
Jones-Bley, K.; Zdanovich, D. G., Complex Societies of Central Eurasia from the 3rd to the 1st Millennium BC, 2 vols, JIES Monograph Series Nos. 45, 46, Washington D.C. 2002, ISBN 0-941694-83-6, ISBN 0-941694-86-0.
Кузьмина Е. Е., Древнейшие скотоводы от Урала до Тянь-Шаня. Фрунзе, 1986.
Mallory, J.P., In Search of the Indo-Europeans: Language, Archaeology, and Myth, London: Thames & Hudson, 1989.
Смирнов К. Ф. Кузьмина Е. Е. Происхождение индоевропейцев в свете новейших археологических открытий. Москва, 1977.

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