Šriodingerio katė

Šriodingerio katė – tai mintinis eksperimentas, dažniau apibūdinamas kaip paradoksas, kurį 1935 m. pateikė Austrijos fizikas Erwin Schrödinger. Eksperimentas nagrinėja katę, kuri yra tuo pat metu[1][2] ir gyva, ir mirusi dėl ankstesnio atsitiktinio įvykio.

Eksperimentas

Dėžėje patalpinama gyva katė, lėtai skylančios radioaktyvios medžiagos pavyzdys, Geigerio skaitiklis, galintis aptikti įvykusį radioaktyvaus atomo skilimą, ir su skaitikliu sujungtas įtaisas katei užmušti, jei skaitiklis tokį skilimą aptiko. Radioaktyvi medžiaga palyginus stabili, jos nedaug, todėl radioaktyvus skilimas per skirtą valandą gali įvykti, gali ir neįvykti. Tokiu būdu kvantinės atomo skilimo tikimybę aprašančios lygtys pradeda galioti makroskopiniam objektui (katei). Pagal šias lygtis interpretuojama, jog, kol dėžė neatidaryta, katė tuo pat metu yra ir gyva, ir mirusi, bei šie du stoviai sumaišyti tarpusavyje pagal skilimo tikimybės dėsnius. Paradoksu demonstruojami kvantinės mechanikos dėsnių ir įprastinės patirties skirtumai.

Šaltiniai

  1. ↑ Moring, Gary (2001). The Complete Idiot's Guide to Theories of the Universe. Penguin. pp. 192–193. ISBN 1440695725.
  2. ↑ Greenstein, George; Zajonc, Arthur (2006). The Quantum Challenge: Modern Research on the Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 186. ISBN 076372470X.


Vikiteka: Šriodingerio katė – vaizdinė ir garsinė medžiaga

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