Subspecies nominata in Nagarhole National Park prope Carnaticam.

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Animalia — Chordata

Subphylum : Vertebrata 
Infraphylum : Gnathostomata 
Superclassis : Tetrapoda 
Eumaniraptora 
Classis : Aves 
Ordo : Accipitriformes 
Familia : Pandionidae 
Genus : Pandion 
Species : Pandion haliaetus 

   

Conservationis status

LC

Vigens (IUCN 3.1)IUCN.^[1]

Synonyma

Falco haliaetus Linnaeus, 1758

Territorium

Distributio geographica Pandionis haliaeti

Pandion haliaetus est species diurnarum avium praedatoriarum, quibus est distributio cosmopolita. Magnus raptor plus quam 60 centimetra longus crescit, latitudine alarum 180 fere centimetra. Fuscus in latere superiori, plerumque canus in capite et infra videtur.

Pandion haliaetus pervarias habitationes tolerat, nidum construens in ullo loco apto prope corpus aquae quod satis cibum praebeat. Invenitur in omnibus continentibus praeter Antarcticam, sed in America Australi solum per migrationem non pariens fit.

Victus paene omnino est pisces. Praecipuas proprietates corporeas unicosque mores exhibet, qui in venatione et praedis capiendis adiuvant. Tres subspecies plerumque agnoscuntur; cristatus autem, una ex prioribus subspeciebus, species plena nunc putatur, Pandion cristatus appellata.

• Alerstam, T., M. Hake, et N. Kjellén. 2006. "Temporal and spatial patterns of repeated migratory journeys by ospreys." Animal Behaviour 71 (3): 555–66. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2005.05.016.
• Cold, C. W. 1993. "Adult male Osprey killed at nest by Great Horned Owl." Passenger Pigeon 55: 269–70.
• Dennis, T. E. 2007. "Distribution and status of the Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) in South Australia." Emu 107 (4): 294–99. doi:10.1071/MU07009.
• Dennis, T. E. 2007. "Reproductive activity in the Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) on Kangaroo Island, South Australia." Emu 107 (4): 300–307. doi:0.1071/MU07010. Editio interretialis.
• Dennis, Roy H. 2008. A life of ospreys. Dunbeath Caithness Scotiae: Whittles. ISBN 9781904445265, ISBN 1904445268.
• Gessner, David. 2007. Soaring with Fidel: an osprey odyssey from Cape Cod to Cuba and beyond. Bostoniae: Beacon Press. ISBN 9780807085783, ISBN 0807085782.
• Lafontaine, A. R., et J. H, Fowler. 1976. "Golden Eagle preys on Osprey." Auk 93: 390–91. Editio interretialis.
• Macdonald, J., et N. R. Seymour. 1994. "Bald Eagle attacks adult Osprey." Journal of Raptor Research 28 (2): 122. PDF.
• Mayr, Gerald. 2006. "An osprey (Aves: Accipitridae: Pandioninae) from the early Oligocene of Germany." Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 86 (1): 93–96. doi:10.1007/BF03043637.
• Mundkur, Taej. 1988. "Recovery of a Norwegian ringed Osprey in Gujarat, India." Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 85 (1): 190 Editio interretialis.
• Reese, J. 1969."A Maryland Osprey population 75 years ago and today." Maryland Birdlife 25 (4): 116–19. Editio interretialis.
• Terres, J. K. 1980. The Audubon Society Encyclopedia of North American Birds. Novi Eboraci: Knopf. Paginae 644–646. ISBN 0-394-46651-9.

Situs scientifici:  • ITIS • NCBI • Biodiversity • Encyclopedia of Life • IUCN Red List • WoRMS: Marine Species • Fossilworks • INPN France

• Kirschbaum, Kari, et Patricia Sharpe Watkins. Pandion haliaetus. Animal Diversity Web. Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan.
• Tesky, Julie L. 1993. Pandion haliaetus. Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.
• "UK Osprey Information." Royal Society for the Protection of Birds.
• De specie. The Atlas of Southern African Birds.
• "Osprey – Pandion haliaetus. USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter.
• "Osprey Info." Animal Diversity Web.
• "Osprey Bird Sound." Florida Museum of Natural History.
• Data. USDA Forest Service.
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• Ospreys Rebound, Rely On Help From Humans. Pellicula, Oregon Field Guide.
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