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Antonius Pauli filius Čechov (Russice: Антон Павлович Чехов, tr. Anton Pavlovič Čechov ; 29 Ianuarii^[1] 1860–15 Iulii^[2] 1904) fuit scriptor fabularum narratiunculae et ludorum scaenicorum, et medicus Russicus, habitus unus ex maximorum mundi scriptorum fabularum.^[3] Is dramatista quattuor ludos nunc classicos excogitavit, et eius fabulae breves habentur maximi momenti a scriptoribus et criticis.^[4]^[5] Čechov res medicas ferme per eius cursum litterarium tractavit: "Medicina est mea uxor legitima," inquit, "et litterae mea amica."^[6]

Laro male anno 1896 excepto, Čechov theatrum renunciavit, sed ludus iterum in scaenam proditus est anno 1898, a Constantini Stanislavskij Theatro Artis Moscuensi, quod postea Ioannem Avunculum protulit et primas exsecutiones fecit Čechov ultimorum ludorum, Trium sororum et Horti cerasei. Haec quattuor opera histrionum gregem duriter provocant. Ait Ioannes McKellen: "Actores Čechov sicut montem scandunt, funibus coniuncti, gloriam communicantes, si cacumen adsequuntur" (Miles 1993:9).^[7]

Ei fuit villa Ialtae in oppido maritimo, ubi sua maximi momenti dramata, Hortus ceraseus et Tres sorores, scripsit, et ad ipsam fere vitae finem habitabat, villa quae anno 1957 magistratum iussu museum facta est Čechoviense.

Drama Hortus ceraseus etiam origo thematis mythistoriae Shayō a Dazai Osamu factum est.

Vita

Natus est Antonius Čechov die 29 Ianuarii 1860 prope mare Asoviense, oppido Taganrogii Russico. Pater, Paulus, (1825—1898) fuit mercator Taganrogii, mater, Eugenia, (1835—1919). Parentibus Antonii Čechov nati sunt liberi sex: Alexander (1855), Nicolaus (1858), Antonius (1860), Ioannes (1861), filia singularis Maria (1863), denique Michael (1865). Condicio familiae pecuniariae in egestate fuit. Religiositas acerba describitur, et pater Paulus filios suos horae canticae cottidie interesse cogebat. Anton vir simul modestus etiam receptus et festivus crescebat. In gymnasio interpretationibus satiricis notus erat. Eo in tempore Antonius cum fratribus suis theatrum Taganrogii frequentabat, et postea domo primas fabulas proprias scripsit.

Anno 1878, tum Antonius Čechov 18 annos natus fuit, pater suus corruit, quo Imperio Russico (1721—1917) ineunte mandato comprehensionis adaequavisset, ut familia cetera ex oppido in Moscuam fugit. Ab eo tempore, in Taganrogio, Antonius solitarius erat, domicilium conduxit. Anno 1879, post maturam autem, studium medicinae Universitate Caesarea Moscuensi inivit.

Notae

↑ Apud Calendarium Iulianum, 17 Ianuarii
↑ Apud Calendarium Iulianum, 2 Iulii
↑ "Russian literature; Anton Chekhov," Encyclopaedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-29160/Russian-literature.
↑ "Admodum probabiliter optimus mundi fabularum brevium scriptor"—Raymond Carver, "Greatest Short Story Writer Who Ever Lived," in praefatio Rosamund Bartlett libri About Love and Other Stories, p. 20 A Chekhov Lexicon, by William Boyd, The Guardian, 3 Iulii 2004, inventum 16 Februarii 2007.
↑ "Stories . . . which are among the supreme achievements in prose narrative"—George Steiner, de "The Undiscovered Chekhov" in The Observer 13 Maii 2001 Vodka miniatures, belching and angry cats, inventum 16 Februarii 2007.
↑ Epistola ad Alexei Suvorin, 11 Septembris 1888. Epistolae Antonii Čechov.
↑ "Chekhov's art demands a theatre of mood" (Vsevolod Meyerhold, in Allen 2001:13); "A richer submerged life in the text is characteristic of a more profound drama of realism, one which depends less on the externals of presentation" (Styan 1981:84).

Nexus interni

2369 Chekhov

Bibliographia

Allen, David. 2001. Performing Chekhov. Routledge (UK). ISBN 978-0-415-18934-7.
Bartlett, Rosamund, et Anthony Phillips, convertores. 2004. Chekhov: A Life in Letters. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-044922-8.
Bartlett, Rosamund 2004. Chekhov: Scenes from a Life. Free Press. ISBN 978-0-7432-3074-2.
Benedetti, Jean, ed. & conv. 1998. Dear Writer, Dear Actress: The Love Letters of Olga Knipper and Anton Chekhov. Methuen Publishing. ISBN 978-0-413-72390-1.
Benedetti, Jean.1989. Stanislavski: An Introduction. Methuen Drama. ISBN 978-0-413-50030-4.
Chekhov, Anton. 2004. About Love and Other Stories. Convertit Rosamund Bartlett. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280260-6.
Chekhov, Anton. 2001. The Undiscovered Chekhov: Fifty New Stories. Convertit Peter Constantine. Duck Editions. ISBN 978-0-7156-3106-5.
Chekhov, Anton. 1991. Forty Stories. Convertit cum praefatione a Robert Payne scripta. Novi Eboraci: Vintage. ISBN 978-0-679-73375-1.
Chekhov, Anton. 1920. Letters of Anton Chekhov to His Family and Friends with Biographical Sketch. Convertit Constance Garnett. Macmillan. Full text at Gutenberg. Inventum 16 Februarii 2007.
Chekhov, Anton, Note-Book of Anton Chekhov, translated by S. S. Koteliansky and Leonard Woolf, B.W. Huebsch, 1921. Full text at Gutenberg. Inventum 16 Februarii 2007.
Chekhov, Anton, The Other Chekhov, edited by Okla Elliott and Kyle Minor, with story introductions by Pinckney Benedict, Fred Chappell, Christopher Coake, Paul Crenshaw, Dorothy Gambrell, Steven Gillis, Michelle Herman, Jeff Parker, Benjamin Percy, and David R. Slavitt. New American Press, 2008 edition, ISBN 978-0972967983.
Chekhov, Anton, Seven Short Novels, translated by Barbara Makanowitzky, W.W.Norton & Company, 2003 edition, ISBN 978-0-393-00552-3.
Finke, Michael, Chekhov's 'Steppe': A Metapoetic Journey, an essay in Anton Chekhov Rediscovered, ed Savely Senderovich and Munir Sendich, Michigan Russian Language Journal, 1988, ISBN 9999838855.
Gerhardie, William, Anton Chekhov, Macdonald, (1923) 1974 edition, ISBN 978-0-356-04609-9.
Gorky, Maksim, Alexander Kuprin, and I.A. Bunin, Reminiscences of Anton Chekhov, translated by S. S. Koteliansky and Leonard Woolf, B.W.Huebsch, 1921. Read at eldritchpress. Inventum 16 Februarii 2007.
Gilman, Richard. Chekhov's Plays: an opening into eternity. Novo Portu: Yale University Press, 1995. ISBN 0-300-06461-6
Gottlieb, Vera, and Paul Allain (eds), The Cambridge Companion to Chekhov, Cambridge University Press, 2000, ISBN 978-0-521-58917-8.
Jackson, Robert Louis, Dostoevsky in Chekhov's Garden of Eden—'Because of Little Apples', in Dialogues with Dostoevsky, Stanford University Press, 1993, ISBN 978-0-8047-2120-2.
Klawans, Harold L., Chekhov's Lie, 1997, ISBN 1-888799-12-9.
Malcolm, Janet, Reading Chekhov, a Critical Journey, Granta Publications, 2004 edition, ISBN 978-1-86207-635-8.
Miles, Patrick, ed. 1993. Chekhov on the British Stage. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-38467-4.
Nabokov, Vladimir. 1981 2002. "Anton Chekhov." In Lectures on Russian Literature. Harvest/HBJ Books. ISBN 978-0-15-602776-2.
Pitcher, Harvey, 1979. Chekhov's Leading Lady: Portrait of the Actress Olga Knipper. J Murray. ISBN 978-0-7195-3681-6.
Prose, Francine. 1991. "Learning from Chekhov." In Writers on Writing, ed. Robert Pack and Jay Parini. UPNE. ISBN 978-0-87451-560-2.
Rayfield, Donald. 1998. Anton Chekhov: A Life. Henry Holt & Co. ISBN 978-0-8050-5747-8.
Simmons, Ernest J. 1962, 1970. Chekhov: A Biography. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-75805-3.
Stanislavski, Constantin. 1980. My Life in Art. Methuen Drama. ISBN 978-0-413-46200-8.
Styan, John Louis. 1981. Modern Drama in Theory and Practice. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-29628-1.
Wood, James. 2000. "What Chekhov Meant by Life." In The Broken Estate: Essays in Literature and Belief. Pimlico. ISBN 978-0-7126-6557-5.
Zeiger, Arthur. 1945. The Plays of Anton Chekov. Novi Eboraci: Claxton House.