중간섬유

중간섬유
라민 A와 C 도메인의 모습
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상징IF_tail
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중간섬유(中間纖維, 영어: intermediate filament)는 세포골격 단백질의 한 집단으로 구성된 구조로 이루어져 있다. 중간섬유는 액틴(미세섬유)과 미세소관의 중간 정도의 크기(약 10nm)다. 중간 섬유의 대부분의 형태는 핵막과 세포막 사이에 있는 세포기질에 위치해 있다. 핵 라민은 세포핵에 위치해 있다.

단백질 이합체가 두 개가 모여 사량체를 생성하며, 이 사량체가 하나의 구성단위unit-length filament가 된다. 다시 여러 사량체 가닥이 길게 꼬임으로써 필라멘트 구조를 형성한다. 세포질 내의 지지대로 작용해서 3개의 섬유 세포중 가장 녹기 어렵고 세포의 모양을 잘 유지해준다. 중간섬유는 케라틴, 뉴로섬유, 데스민, 비멘틴, GFAP 등이 있다. 세포의 종류에 따라서 각각 다른 중간섬유를 가지게 된다. 즉 세포 특이성이 있다.

종류

중간섬유는 아래와 같이 6종류의 타입으로 분류한다.

각각 1, 2형 시토케라틴이다.

Type III:비멘틴, 데스민, GFAP, 베리페린

다음의 네 단백질이 여기 속한다.

Type IV:뉴로섬유

Type V:라민

Type VI:네스틴

각주

  1. Brodehl A, Gaertner-Rommel A, Milting H (August 2018). “Molecular insights into cardiomyopathies associated with desmin (DES) mutations”. 《Biophysical Reviews》 10 (4): 983–1006. doi:10.1007/s12551-018-0429-0. PMC 6082305. PMID 29926427. 
  2. Szeverenyi I, Cassidy AJ, Chung CW, Lee BT, Common JE, Ogg SC, Chen H, Sim SY, Goh WL, Ng KW, Simpson JA, Chee LL, Eng GH, Li B, Lunny DP, Chuon D, Venkatesh A, Khoo KH, McLean WH, Lim YP, Lane EB. “Human Intermediate Filament Database”.  PMID 18033728.

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