민그렐인

19세기 말 사람들의 모습

민그렐인 (민그렐人; 민그렐어: მარგალი, margali; 조지아어: მეგრელები: megrelebi)은 조지아의 소수 민족이다. 조지아의 사메그렐로(민그렐리아) 지방에서 대다수가 거주하며 압하지아 공화국과 츠빌리시에도 다수가 존재한다. 압하지아에서는 조지아와의 갈등 때문에 대개 20만 명 정도가 추방당한 것으로 알려져 있다. 1990년대 초에 발생한 이런 사건으로 압하지아 내에서 조지아의 모습을 지우려는 시도가 인종 청소로 자행됐다.

대부분의 사람들이 민그렐어를 말하며 조지아어도 함께 구사한다. 하지만 구전에서 많이 쓰기 때문에 문자로는 조지아 문자를 사용한다.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]

역사

민그렐인은 콜키스 족의 후손이며 후에 동부 조지아의 민족과 혼혈 혹은 많은 영향을 받았다. 귀족 문화와 체계는 조지아의 영향을 받아 문학, 문화 전반에 큰 영향으로 퍼지게 됐다. 조지아 제국에 15세기 편입되면서 자치 지방으로 존재했고 1800년대 러시아 제국에 합병되기 전까지 여러 분쟁을 겪으며 고유의 문화를 존속해갔다.

소비에트 연방이 추진한 통계자료에 따르면 민그렐인은 원래 고유 민족으로 구분짓다가 1930년대부터는 조지아인으로 함께 여겨졌다. 현재 민그렐인은 스스로를 조지아인으로 생각하고 있으며, 민그렐어 사용자 수는 계속 감소세이다.

라브렌티 베리야와 조지아 초대 대통령이었던 즈비아드 감사쿠르디아는 민그렐인 출신이었다. 1991년 군사 쿠데타 이후에는 즈비아드의 영향 때문인지 민그렐인의 거주지가 격전지가 됐고 결국 그의 지지세력이 패배했다.

각주

  1. ↑ Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict, by Svante E. Cornell, p 142
  2. ↑ Ethnic Groups Worldwide: A Ready Reference Handbook, by David Levinson, p 34
  3. ↑ Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War, by Stuart J. Kaufman, p 86
  4. ↑ Political Construction Sites: Nation-building in Russia and the Post-Soviet World, by Pål Kolstø, p 8
  5. ↑ Kevin Tuite The Meaning of Dæl. Symbolic and Spatial Associations of the South Caucasian Goddess of Game Animals.
  6. ↑ Politics of the Black Sea: Dynamics of Cooperation and Conflict, by Tunç Aybak, p 185
  7. ↑ Andropov, New Challenge to the West, by Arnold Beichman, Mikhail S. Bernstam, p 116

Read other articles:

Bernard Sagrim

Drs.Bernard Sagrim,M.M. Bupati Maybrat ke-1 dan ke-3Masa jabatan22 Agustus 2017 – 22 Agustus 2022PresidenJoko WidodoGubernurDominggus MandacanWakilPaskalis Kocu PendahuluKarel MuraferPenggantiBernhard Eduard Rondonuwu (Pj.)Masa jabatan21 November 2011 – 30 Oktober 2014PresidenS.B. YudhoyonoJoko WidodoGubernurAbraham Octavianus AtururiWakilKarel Murafer Pendahulujabatan baruPenggantiKarel Murafer Informasi pribadiLahirBernard Sagrim(1966-01-05)5 Januari 1966Ayamaru, I...

 

Omar Sharif

Omar SharifSharif pada tahun 1963Nama asalعمر الشريفLahirMichel Demitri Shalhoub(1932-04-10)10 April 1932Iskandariah, MesirMeninggal10 Juli 2015(2015-07-10) (umur 83)Kairo, MesirSebab meninggalSerangan jantungKebangsaanMesiranPendidikanKolese ViktoriaAlmamaterUniversitas KairoPekerjaanAktorTahun aktif1954–2013[1]Suami/istriFaten Hamama (1954–74)AnakSatu putraPenghargaan Penghargaan César (2004) Penghargaan Golden Globe(1962, 1963 ,1965) Omar Sharif (...

 

East Village, San Diego

For other uses, see East Village (disambiguation). Neighborhood of San Diego in San Diego, CaliforniaEast Village, San DiegoNeighborhood of San DiegoEast VillageEast Village, San DiegoLocation within Central San DiegoCoordinates: 32°43′27″N 117°10′2″W / 32.72417°N 117.16722°W / 32.72417; -117.16722Country United States of AmericaState CaliforniaCounty San DiegoCity San DiegoZIP Code92101Area code619Websiteeastvillagesandiego.com Modern studio apar...

العلاقات الصومالية القبرصية

العلاقات الصومالية القبرصية الصومال قبرص   الصومال   قبرص تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الصومالية القبرصية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين الصومال وقبرص.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتين: وجه المقارنة الصو�...

 

Mountain and moorland pony breeds

Horse breed A Fell Pony, one of the mountain and moorland pony breeds Mountain and moorland ponies form a group of several breeds of ponies and small horses native to the British Isles. Many of these breeds are derived from semi-feral ponies kept on moorland or heathland, and some of them still live in this way, as well as being kept as fully domesticated horses for riding, driving, and other draught work, or for horse showing. Mountain and moorland classes at horse shows in the British Isles...

 

Presidential Innovation Fellows

Presidential Innovation Fellows program logo Presidential Innovation Fellows Logo (Mid-2013) The Presidential Innovation Fellows program is a competitive fellowship program that pairs top innovators from the private sector, non-profits, and academia with top innovators in government to collaborate on solutions that aim to deliver significant results in months, not years. It was established in 2012 and has operated continuously since then. The program focuses on generating measurable results, ...

Lawrence House (Baltimore)

Settlement house in Baltimore, Maryland Lawrence House (1900) Lawrence House was an American social settlement in Baltimore, Maryland.[1] Its beginnings were in 1893, when Rev. Dr. Edward A. Lawrence and a friend took up lodging at 214 Parkin Street.[2] Lawrence died suddenly later in 1893, and in his memory, the Lawrence Memorial Association organized in 1894 and purchased a house at 816 West Lombard Street. The settlement incorporated in the Fall of 1900.[3] In 1904,...

 

Bruno Fortichiari

Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento politici è priva o carente di note e riferimenti bibliografici puntuali. Sebbene vi siano una bibliografia e/o dei collegamenti esterni, manca la contestualizzazione delle fonti con note a piè di pagina o altri riferimenti precisi che indichino puntualmente la provenienza delle informazioni. Puoi migliorare questa voce citando le fonti più precisamente. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Bruno Fortichiari Deputato del Regno d'Italia...

 

Famille royale d'Espagne

Ne doit pas être confondu avec Maison de Bourbon (Espagne). Armoiries des souverains espagnols. La famille royale d'Espagne est composée du titulaire de la couronne, qui porte le titre de roi ou de reine d'Espagne, de son conjoint, prince ou reine consort, de ses enfants et de ses parents. Dispositions constitutionnelles Dans la Constitution espagnole de 1978, la couronne fait l'objet du titre II qui comprend les articles 56 à 65[1]. Elle établit notamment à l'article 57.1 les modalité...

Grinding machine

Machine tool used for grinding This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (April 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Rotating abrasive wheel on a bench grinder. Pedal-powered grinding machine, Russia, 1902. A grinding machine, often shortened to grinder, is a power tool (or machine tool) used for grinding. ...

 

IBM Cloud Video

Video streaming platform IBM Watson MediaType of siteVideo streamingAvailable inEnglish, German, Hungarian, Japanese, Russian, Spanish and KoreanOwnerIBMURLibm.com/watson/mediaCommercialYesRegistrationOptionalLaunchedMarch 2007; 17 years ago (2007-03)Current statusActiveNative client(s) oniOS, Android IBM Watson Media (formerly Ustream and IBM Cloud Video) is an American virtual events platform company which is a division of IBM. Prior to the IBM acquisition, ...

 

國立苗栗高級商業職業學校

此條目過於依赖第一手来源。 (2023年4月23日)请補充第二手及第三手來源，以改善这篇条目。 國立苗栗高級商業職業學校地址苗栗縣苗栗市電台街7號邮政编码360其它名称National Miaoli Senior Commercial Vocational School类型技術型高級中等學校隶属中華民國教育部学区苗栗縣苗栗市教育部學校代碼050407校長李燕坪年级3年学生人数971人招生性別男女兼收學校環境市區電話號碼+886-37-356-001�...

History of Canada (1960–1981)

Canadian history between universal suffrage and the modern constitution of Canada Part of a series on theHistory of CanadaBenjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe Timeline (list) Pre-colonization 1534–1763 1764–1867 1867–1914 1914–1945 1945–1960 1960–1981 1982–present Significant Events Sites People Topics Agricultural Cultural Constitutional Economic Former colonies Immigration Indigenous Medicine Military Monarchical Peacekeeping Population Sports Religion Territorial evolut...

 

Stasiun LRT Jakabaring

P12 JakabaringStasiun LRT PalembangLokasiJalan Gubernur H. A Bastari, 15 Ulu, Kecamatan JakabaringKota Palembang, Sumatera SelatanIndonesiaOperatorDivre III PalembangJalurP Lin PalembangJumlah peron2 peron sisiJumlah jalur2Operator KAKereta Api IndonesiaKonstruksiJenis strukturLayangParkirAdaFasilitas sepedaN/AAkses difabelYaInformasi lainKode stasiunJABSejarahDibuka1 Agustus 2018 (2018-08-01)Operasi layanan Stasiun sebelumnya LRT Palembang Stasiun berikutnya Polrestake arah Bandara Sult...

 

Tommaso Buscetta

Tommaso Buscetta negli anni cinquanta Tommaso Buscetta, detto anche Il boss dei due mondi[1] e don Masino[2] (Palermo, 13 luglio 1928 – North Miami, 2 aprile 2000), è stato un mafioso e collaboratore di giustizia italiano. Importante membro di Cosa nostra, dopo l'arresto fu uno dei primi mafiosi a cominciare a collaborare con la giustizia, durante le inchieste coordinate dal magistrato Giovanni Falcone; le sue rivelazioni permisero, per la prima volta, una dettagliata ricos...

مركبة ليوناردو القتالية

الرسم الأصلي لمركبة ليوناردو. مركبة ليوناردو القتالية هي إحدى مفاهيم الفنان الإيطالي ليوناردو دا فينشي بالتصميم. تعود إلى عام 1487 عندما التحق ليوناردو بخدمة الدوق لودوفيكو سفورزا، إذ صرّح له عبر رسالة بأنه قادر على صنع مركبة قتاليّة. تُوصف في بعض الأحيان على أنها نموذج أول�...

 

イギリスの鉄道

世界の鉄道一覧 > イギリスの鉄道 西海岸本線で離合する390形の都市間列車と66形牽引の貨物列車（ウォリックシャー） 路線図 世界最初の鉄道である、ダラム州ストックトン・アンド・ダーリントン鉄道の開業、1825年 イギリスの鉄道（イギリスのてつどう）は、1825年に開通した世界で最も古い鉄道である。本項ではグレートブリテン島の鉄道について扱う。 現在...

 

Investment (military)

Military term for surrounding an enemy position This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Investment military – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Reconstructed section of the investment fortifications at Alesia Part of a series o...

Culture of France

French customs redirects here. For the national agency, see Directorate-General of Customs and Indirect Taxes. From top, left to right: Oldest patisserie in Paris, Arc de Triomphe, French wines, Liberty Leading the People, Victor Hugo, Camembert, Édith Piaf, The Thinker, Paris Fashion Week, Palme d'Or of Cannes Film Festival, and France national football teamPart of a series on theCulture of France HistoryFrance in the Middle Ages • Early Modern France • Ancien Régime • French&#...

 

(Marie's the Name) His Latest Flame

(Marie's the Name) His Latest FlameLagu oleh Elvis PresleySisi-BLittle SisterDirilis8 Agustus 1961Direkam26 Juni 1961, RCA Studios, Nashville, Tennessee[1]GenreRock and roll, popDurasi2:07LabelRCA VictorPenciptaDoc Pomus, Mort Shuman[1] (Marie's the Name) His Latest Flame adalah sebuah lagu yang direkam dalam sebuah versi hit karya Elvis Presley dan diterbitkan oleh Elvis Presley Music pada 1961. Karya tersebut ditulis oleh Doc Pomus dan Mort Shuman dan aslinya direkam oleh De...