최소 필수 배지

최소 필수 배지(Minimal Essential Medium, MEM)는 해리 이글이 1959년 사이언스지에 처음 발표한[1] 합성 세포 배양 배지이다.

최소 필수 배지의 많은 변형이 개발되어 주로 추가 비타민, 아미노산 및 기타 영양소를 추가할 수 있다.[2]

이글은 1955~1957년에 생쥐의 L 세포[3]와 인간 헬라 세포에서[4] 13개의 필수 아미노산과 9개의 비타민이 추가된 초기 Basal Medium Eagle(BME)을 개발했다. BME에는 비오틴(비타민B7)이 포함되어 있는데, 이글은 나중에 불필요한 것으로 밝혔다. 이글은 이 배지에 많은 아미노산의 양을 두 배로 늘려 인간 세포의 단백질 구성에 더 가깝게 일치하게 하였다.[1]

DMEM(Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium)은 원래 둘베코와 Vogt가 1959년에 발표한 4배 농도의 아미노산과 비타민을 가진 이글의 배지로 제안되었다. 이 배지의 상용 버전에는 아래에 자세히 설명된 추가 수정 사항이 있다.[5]

α-MEM(Minimum Essential Medium Eagle-alpha modifier)은 Clifford P. Stanners와 동료들이 1971년에 발표한 MEM을 기반으로 한 배지이다.[6] MEM에 비해 비 필수 아미노산, 피루브산 나트륨 및 비타민(아스코르브산, 비오틴 및 시아노코발라민)이 더 많이 포함되어 있다. 또한 리포산 및 뉴클레오사이드와 함께 올 수 있다.[7][8]

구성

각 배지 1리터에는 다음이 포함된다. (단위 : mg)

배지 BME MEM MEMa
글라이신 (Glycine) 50
L-알라닌 (L-Alanine) 25
L-아르기닌염 (L-Arginine hydrochloride) 21 126 126
L-아스파라진-H2O (L-Asparagine-H2O) 50
L-아스파르트산 (L-Aspartic acid) 30
L-시스테인염-H2O (L-Cysteine Hydrochloride-H2O) 100
L-시스테인 2HCl (L-Cysteine 2HCl) 16 31 31
L-글루탐산 (L-Glutamate) 75
L-글루타민 (L-Glutamine) 292 292 292
L-히스티딘 (L-Histidine) 8 31
L-히스티딘염-H2O (L-Histidine-H2O) 42 42
L-아이소류신 (L-Isoleucine) 26 52 52
L-류신 (L-Leucine) 26 52 52
L-라이신염 (L-Lysine Hydrochloride) 36.47 73 73
L-메사이오닌 (L-Methionine) 7.5 15 15
L-페닐알라닌 (L-Phenylalanine) 16.5 32 32
L-프롤린 (L-Proline) 40
L-세린 (L-Serine) 25
L-트레오닌 (L-Threonine) 24 48 48
L-트립토판 (L-Tryptophan) 4 10 10
L-타이로신 다이나트륨염 이수화물 (Tyrosine Disodium Salt Dihydrate) 26 52 52
L-발린 (L-Valine) 23.5 46 46
아스코르브산 (Ascorbic Acid) 50
비오틴 (Biotin) 1 0.1
염화콜린 (Choline Chloride) 1 1 1
D-칼슘 판토텐산염 (D-Calcium pantothenate) 1 1 1
엽산 (Folic Acid) 1 1 1
나이아신 아마이드 (Niacinamide) 1 1 1
피리독살 수화염화물 (Pyridoxal hydrochloride) 1 1 1
리보플라빈 (Riboflavin) 0.1 0.1 0.1
염산치아민 (Thiamine hydrochloride) 1 1 1
비타민 B12 (Vitamin B12) 1.36
i-이노시톨 (i-Inositol) 2 2 2
염화 칼슘 (Calcium Chloride, CaCl2) 200 200 200
황산 마그네슘 (Magnesium Sulfate, MgSO4) 97.67 97.67 97.67
염화 포타슘 (Potassium Chloride, KCl) 400 400 400
탄산수소 나트륨 (Sodium Bicarbonate, NaHCO3) 2200 2200 2200
염화 나트륨 (Sodium Chloride, NaCl) 6800 6800 6800
Sodium Phosphate monobasic (NaH2PO4-H2O) 140 140 140
D-포도당(덱스트로스) (D-Glucose, Dextrose) 1000 1000 1000
리포산 (Lipoic Acid) 0.2
페놀 레드 (Phenol Red) 10 10 10
피루브산 소듐 (Sodium Pyruvate) 110

같이 보기

참고

  • RPMI 1640(Roswell Park Memorial Institute 배지), 림프 세포용

각주

  1. ↑ 가 나 EAGLE H (1959). “Amino acid metabolism in mammalian cell cultures.”. 《Science》 130 (3373): 432–7. Bibcode:1959Sci...130..432E. doi:10.1126/science.130.3373.432. PMID 13675766. 
  2. ↑ Yao, T; Asayama, Y (April 2017). “Animal-cell culture media: History, characteristics, and current issues.”. 《Reproductive Medicine and Biology》 16 (2): 99–117. doi:10.1002/rmb2.12024. PMC 5661806. PMID 29259457. 
  3. ↑ EAGLE H (1955). “The specific amino acid requirements of a mammalian cell (strain L) in tissue culture.”. 《J Biol Chem》 214 (2): 839–52. PMID 14381421. 
  4. ↑ EAGLE H (1955). “The specific amino acid requirements of a human carcinoma cell (Stain HeLa) in tissue culture.”. 《J Exp Med》 102 (1): 37–48. doi:10.1084/jem.102.1.37. PMC 2136494. PMID 14392239. 
  5. ↑ DULBECCO R, FREEMAN G (1959). “Plaque production by the polyoma virus.”. 《Virology》 8 (3): 396–7. doi:10.1016/0042-6822(59)90043-1. PMID 13669362. 
  6. ↑ Stanners CP, Eliceiri GL, Green H (1971). “Two types of ribosome in mouse-hamster hybrid cells.”. 《Nat New Biol》 230 (10): 52–4. doi:10.1038/newbio230052a0. PMID 5279808. 
  7. ↑ “α-MEM” (PDF). 
  8. ↑ “Alpha MEM with Nucleosides”. Stem Cell Tech. 

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