부등편모조류

부등편모조류
올림픽 국립공원 태평양모자반, Fucus distichus
올림픽 국립공원 태평양모자반, Fucus distichus
생물 분류ℹ️
역: 진핵생물
(미분류): 쌍편모생물
계: 크로말베올라타계
문: 부등편모조문
(Heterokontophyta)
  • 본문 참조

부등편모조류(不等鞭毛藻類, heterokonts)는 진핵생물의 주요 계통군의 하나로,[1] 이들의 대부분을 차지하는 규조류를 포함하여, 현재 100,000여 종 이상이 알려져 있다.[2] 대부분은 거대한 다세포인 다시마부터 단세포인 규조류에 이르는 조류로서, 플랑크톤의 주요 구성원을 이룬다. 기타 유명한 스트라메노필라는 (일반적으로 측계통군) 난균류가 포함되며, 난균류에는 악명높은 감자피토프토라(Phytophthora)와 씨앗을 말라죽게 하고 썩게 만드는 피티움(Pythium)이 포함되어 있다.

부등편모조류라는 이름은 편모 세포가 2개의 다른 모양의 편모를 가지는 운동성이 있는 생명 주기 단계를 가리킨다.

하위 분류

계통 분류

다음에 제안된 계통발생에는 엑스카바타 생물군 중 단 하나의 그룹(디스코바)만 포함되어 있으며[3] 피코조아홍조식물의 가까운 친척이라는 2021년 제안이 포함되어 있다.[4] 프로보라는 2022년에 발견된 미생물 포식자 집단이다.[5] 메타모나다는 아마도 디스코바, 아마도 말라이모나스문의 자매일 가능성이 있어 배치하기 어렵다.[6][7][8]

진핵생물
디포다
디아포레틱케스

크립티스타

원시색소체생물
홍조식물 (홍조류)

16억 년 전

로델피스

피코조아

회청조식물

11억 년 전
녹색식물 (식물)

10억 년 전
16억 년 전

합티스타

TSAR

텔로네마류

SAR
할바리아

부등편모조류

피하낭류

리자리아

5억 5천만 년 전

프로보라

헤미마스티고포라류

디스코바

? 메타모나다

쌍편모생물

안키로모나스류

말라이모나스류

CRuMs

아모르페아
아메바류

오바조아

브레비아타류

아푸소모나스목

후편모생물
홀로미코타 (균류 포함)

홀로조아 (동물 포함)

11억 년 전
13억 년 전
15억 년 전
22억 년 전?

다음은 부등편모조류의 계통 분류이다.[9][10][11]

부등편모조류

플라티술쿠스강

사게니스타류

Eogyrea

망형충류

비코소에카류

플라시디아류

플라시디아강

나노모나스강

오팔로모나스강

오팔리나상강

블라스토키스티스강

오팔리나강

기리스타류

비기로모나드강

난균류

역모균류

피르소니아강

대롱편모조식물

각주

  1. “stramenopiles”. 2009년 3월 8일에 확인함. 
  2. Hoek, C. van den; D. G. Mann; H. M. Jahns (1995). 《Algae: An Introduction to Phycology》. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 104, 124, 134, 166쪽. ISBN 0-521-31687-1. 
  3. Brown, Matthew W.; Heiss, Aaron A.; Kamikawa, Ryoma; Inagaki, Yuji; Yabuki, Akinori; Tice, Alexander K; Shiratori, Takashi; Ishida, Ken-Ichiro; Hashimoto, Tetsuo; Simpson, Alastair; Roger, Andrew (2018년 1월 19일). “Phylogenomics Places Orphan Protistan Lineages in a Novel Eukaryotic Super-Group”. 《Genome Biology and Evolution》 10 (2): 427–433. doi:10.1093/gbe/evy014. PMC 5793813. PMID 29360967. 
  4. Schön ME; Zlatogursky VV; Singh RP; 외. (2021). “Picozoa are archaeplastids without plastid”. 《Nature Communications》 12 (1): 6651. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26918-0. PMC 8599508. PMID 34789758. 
  5. Tikhonenkov DV; Mikhailov KV; Gawryluk RM; Belyaev AO; Mathur V; Karpov SA; Zagumyonnyi DG; Borodina AS; Prokina KI; Mylnikov AP; Aleoshin VV; Keeling PJ (2022년 12월). “Microbial predators form a new supergroup of eukaryotes”. 《네이쳐》 612 (7941): 714–719. Bibcode:2022Natur.612..714T. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05511-5. PMID 36477531. S2CID 254436650. 
  6. Burki F (2014년 5월). “전 지구적인 계통발생학적 관점에서 본 진핵생물의 생명나무”. 《Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology》 6 (5): a016147. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a016147. PMC 3996474. PMID 24789819. 
  7. Burki, Fabien; Kaplan, Maia; Tikhonenkov, Denis V.; Zlatogursky, Vasily; Minh, Bui Quang; Radaykina, Liudmila V.; Smirnov, Alexey; Mylnikov, Alexander P.; Keeling, Patrick J. (2016년 1월 27일). “Untangling the early diversification of eukaryotes: a phylogenomic study of the evolutionary origins of Centrohelida, Haptophyta and Cryptista”. 《Proc. R. Soc. B》 283 (1823): 20152802. doi:10.1098/rspb.2015.2802. PMC 4795036. PMID 26817772. 
  8. Karnkowska, Anna; Vacek, Vojtěch; Zubáčová, Zuzana; Treitli, Sebastian C.; Petrželková, Romana; Eme, Laura; Novák, Lukáš; Žárský, Vojtěch; Barlow, Lael D. (2016). “A Eukaryote without a Mitochondrial Organelle”. 《Current Biology》 26 (10): 1274–1284. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.03.053. 
  9. Ruggiero; 외. (2015). “Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms”. 《PLoS ONE》 10 (4): e0119248. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1019248R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119248. PMC 4418965. PMID 25923521. 
  10. Silar, Philippe (2016). “Protistes Eucaryotes: Origine, Evolution et Biologie des Microbes Eucaryotes”. 《HAL Archives-ouvertes》: 1–462. 
  11. Cavalier-Smith, Thomas; Scoble, Josephine Margaret (2013). “Phylogeny of Heterokonta: Incisomonas marina, a uniciliate gliding opalozoan related to Solenicola (Nanomonadea), and evidence that Actinophryida evolved from raphidophytes”. 《European Journal of Protistology》 49 (3): 328–353. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2012.09.002. PMID 23219323. 

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