라포르

라포르(rapport), 래포, 라포 또는 라뽀는 사람과 사람사이에 생기는 상호신뢰관계를 말하는 심리학용어이다. 서로 마음이 통한다든지 어떤일이라도 터놓고 말할 수 있거나, 말하는 것이 충분히 감정적으로나 이성적으로 이해하는 상호 관계를 말한다. 원래 프랑스어의 '가져오다', '참조하다'에서 나온 말이다.[1] 특히 심리치료, 교육, 치료상담 등에 많이 적용되는데 예를 들어 기자가 취재대상과 '라포르'를 형성하면 훨씬 더 많은 정보를 얻을 수 있다. 이러한 상호 의사소통은 언어적 차원을 넘어 정신적, 생리적 차원에서 동조화 되거나 무의식적으로 따라하는 거울효과를 나타내기도 한다. 이러한 특성은 무의식적인 인간 상호작용의 가장 중요한 특성을 나타낸다.

라포르의 형성

라포르를 형성하기 위한 기술로는 상대와 몸의 언어 즉 자세, 동작 등을 같이 하거나 눈길 맞추기, 호흡을 같이하기 등이 있다. 심리학자들은 이를 촉진적인 인간관계라고 한다.

  • 자신과 상대를 편안하게 하기. 가벼운 대화 등으로 시작.
  • 상대가 보이는 얼굴표정, 신체반응, 목소리 등 비언어적 행동을 잘 읽고 적절한 반응을 해준다.
  • 상대가 거리를 유지하고 피하면 기다리고 천천히 다가감.
  • 상대가 비유를 사용하여 말하면 그 비유를 그대로 사용하여 반응함
  • 상대를 공감하고 존중하며 일치하는 점을 찾으려 이해한다.
  • 상대에 대한 무조건적인 긍정적 관심을 표현한다. 상대가 어떤 것이든 느끼는 그대로 표현하도록 한다.
  • 다른 생각에 잠기지 않는다. 상대의 주의를 산만하게 할 일을 피한다.
  • 다른 사람과 결부시키지 않는다.

라포르(rapport)라는 프랑스어는 환자와 의사 사이의 심리적 신뢰 관계를 뜻하는 말이다.

각주

  1. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rapport "rapport." Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. 2010. Merriam-Webster Online. 13 January 2010
  • Uncommon Therapy: The Psychiatric Techniques of Milton H. Erickson, M.D.

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