광수용체

간상세포와 원추세포의 기능적 부분[1]

광수용체(光受容體, photoreceptor cell)는 생물이 가진 수용체 가운데, 빛을 자극으로 수용하는 화합물(유기분자, 단백질)이나 감각기(광수용세포, 시각세포)를 가리킨다.

광수용체는 시각적 광변환이 가능한 망막에서 발견되는 특수한 유형의 신경상피 세포이다. 광수용체의 생물학적 중요성은 빛(가시 전자기 방사선)을 생물학적 과정을 자극할 수 있는 신호로 변환한다는 것이다. 좀 더 구체적으로 말하자면, 세포 내 광수용체 단백질이 광자를 흡수하여 세포막 전위의 변화를 유발한다.

현재 포유류 눈에는 세 가지 유형의 광수용체가 알려져 있습니다: 간상체, 원추세포, 본질적으로 감광성인 망막 신경절 세포. 두 개의 고전적인 광수용체 세포는 간상체와 원뿔체이며, 각각은 시각 시스템에서 환경의 이미지, 시각을 형성하는 데 사용되는 정보를 제공한다. 간상체는 주로 암점시(어두운 조건)를 중재하는 반면 원추체는 주로 명시시(밝은 조건)를 중재하지만 광변환을 지원하는 각 과정은 유사하다. 포유류 광수용체 세포의 세 번째 종류는 1990년대에 발견되었다. 바로 본질적으로 감광성인 망막 신경절 세포이다. 이들 세포는 시력에 직접적으로 기여하지는 않지만 일주기 리듬과 동공 반사를 동반하는 역할을 하는 것으로 여겨진다.

광수용물질의 종류

동물의 광수용체 중 하나로 로돕신이 알려져 있다. 로돕신은 척추동물의 안구 내에 존재하며, 시각을 맡는다. 식물의 광수용체에는, 원적색/적색광수용체인 피토크롬, 자외-청색광수용체인 크립토크롬 및 포토트로핀이 알려져 있다.

같이 보기

각주

  1. ↑ Human Physiology and Mechanisms of Disease by Arthur C. Guyton (1992) p.373
이 글은 생물학에 관한 토막글입니다. 여러분의 지식으로 알차게 문서를 완성해 갑시다.

Read other articles:

Zain Al Rafeea

Zain Al RafeeaAl Rafeea di Festival Film Cannes 2018Lahir10 Oktober 2004 (umur 19)Daraa, SuriahKebangsaanOrang Suriah di NorwegiaPekerjaanAktor Zain Al Rafeea (bahasa Arab: زين الرافعي, lahir 10 Oktober 2004)[1] adalah aktor asal Suriah. Ia terkenal atas perannya sebagai Zain dalam film Lebanon berjudul Capernaum, yang mengantarkannya sebagai pemenang dari the Jury Prize di Film Festival Cannes 2018. Kehidupan dan karier Al Rafeea lahir di Daraa, Suriah pada 2004 s...

 

Isistius

IsistiusRentang fosil: 56–0 jtyl[1] PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Thanetium – sekarang Isistius brasiliensis Klasifikasi ilmiah Domain: Eukaryota Kerajaan: Animalia Filum: Chordata Kelas: Chondrichthyes Superordo: Selachimorpha Ordo: Squaliformes Famili: Dalatiidae Genus: IsistiusT. N. Gill, 1865 Spesies tipe Isistius brasiliensis(Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) Spesies Isistius brasiliensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 Isistius plutodus Garrick & S. Springer, 1964 Isistius triang...

 

1888 United States presidential election in Louisiana

Election in Louisiana Main article: 1888 United States presidential election 1888 United States presidential election in Louisiana ← 1884 November 6, 1888 1892 →   Nominee Grover Cleveland Benjamin Harrison Party Democratic Republican Home state New York Indiana Running mate Allen G. Thurman Levi P. Morton Electoral vote 8 0 Popular vote 85,032 30,660 Percentage 73.37% 26.46% Parish Results Cleveland   50-60%   60-70%  &#...

Rocket Lab Electron

Two-stage small launch vehicle, 200-300 kg to LEO ElectronElectron launching TROPICS in 2023Functionpartially Reusable orbital launcherManufacturerRocket LabCountry of originNew Zealand[1]United States[2][3][4]Project costUS$100 million[5]Cost per launchAbout US$7.5 million[6][7]SizeHeight18 m (59 ft)[8]Diameter1.2 m (3 ft 11 in)[8]Mass12.5 t (28,000 lb)[9]Stages2–3[8]&...

 

Henry Demarest Lloyd

American journalist Henry Demarest Lloyd. Henry Demarest Lloyd (May 1, 1847 – September 28, 1903) was a 19th-century American progressive political activist and pioneer muckraking journalist. He is best remembered for his exposés of the Standard Oil Company, which were written before Ida M. Tarbell's series for McClure's Magazine. Biography Early years Henry Demarest Lloyd was born on May 1, 1847, in the home of his maternal grandfather on Sixth Avenue in New York City.[1] Henry wa...

 

Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay

Esplanade - Theatres on the BayThe Esplanade - Theatres on the Bay pada 2010Nama lainThe Esplanade TheatreInformasi umumJenisPusat seni pertunjukanLokasiMarina Bay, SingapuraMulai dibangun1996Rampung2002; 22 tahun lalu (2002)Dibuka12 October 2002BiayaS$ 600 jutaManajemenEsplanade Co LtdData teknisJumlah lantai4Luas lantai60.000 meter persegi (6,0 ha)Desain dan konstruksiArsitekDP ArchitectsRussell JohnsonTeknisi strukturT. Y. Lin InternationalKontraktor utamaPenta-OceanSitus webwww....

Svend Foyn

Svend Foyn (1809–1894) Svend Foyn (9 Juli 1809 – 30 November 1894) adalah seorang tokoh Norwegia yang memelopori metode perburuan dan pemrosesan paus yang revolusioner. Ia memperkenalkan senapan harpun modern dan mengantarkan perburuan ikan paus ke masa modern.[1] Latar belakang Svend Foyn lahir di Foynegården, Tønsberg, dari pasangan Laurentius Foyn dan Benthe Marie Ager. Svend Foyn menikahi Elise Amalie Tvede pada tahun 1839 yang berujung pada perpisahan pada tahun 1842. Manta...

 

Bulloo River

River in Queensland, Australia Bulloo RiverBulloo River in flood at Adavale, QueenslandLocationCountryAustraliaStateQueenslandDistrictShire of BullooCityAdavale, ThargomindahPhysical characteristicsSourceGrey Range, Idalia National Park • locationwestern Queensland • elevation290 m (950 ft) MouthBulloo Lake (ephemeral)Length600 km (370 mi)Basin size75,534 km2 (29,164 sq mi)Discharge  • average20 ...

 

Bahdinan

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Bahdinan – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Bahdinan Kurds by Albert Kahn Former country Bahdinan[1] (Bahdīnān) or Badinan (Bādīnān) was one of the most powerful and enduring K...

Mali at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships

Sporting event delegationMali at the2011 World Aquatics ChampionshipsFlag of MaliFINA codeMLINational federationFederation Malienne de Natationin Shanghai, ChinaCompetitors3 in 1 sportsMedals Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 World Aquatics Championships appearances197319751978198219861991199419982001200320052007200920112013201520172019202220232024 Mali competed at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships in Shanghai, China between July 16 and 31, 2011. Swimming Main article: Swimming at the 2011...

 

Северный морской котик

Северный морской котик Самец Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:Синапси...

 

Coat of arms of the Székelys

Ethnic coat of arms of the Székelys, a subgroup of the Hungarians Coat of arms of the SzékelysArmigerCivicAdopted17 January 2004; 20 years ago (2004-01-17)ShieldAn azure field with a golden sun-star and a silver crescent moon The coat of arms of the Székelys (Hungarian: Székely címer; Romanian: Stemă secuilor) is the coat of arms used by the Hungarian Székely community of Romania. It is a blue coat of arms with a golden eight-pointed sun-star and a silver crescent moo...

كلاريون

كلاريون     الإحداثيات 42°43′52″N 93°43′52″W / 42.731111111111°N 93.731111111111°W / 42.731111111111; -93.731111111111   [1] تقسيم إداري  البلد الولايات المتحدة[2][3]  التقسيم الأعلى مقاطعة رايت  عاصمة لـ مقاطعة رايت  خصائص جغرافية  المساحة 8.436347 كيلومتر مربع8.436332 كيلو...

 

2001 United States House of Representatives elections

2001 United States House of Representatives elections ← 2000 May 15, 2001 – December 18, 2001 2002 → 7 of the 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives218 seats needed for a majority   Majority party Minority party   Leader Dennis Hastert Dick Gephardt Party Republican Democratic Leader since January 3, 1999 January 3, 1995 Leader's seat Illinois's 14th Missouri's 3rd Last election 221 seats, 47.6% 211 seats, 47.3% Seat...

 

Economic history of Canada

Part of a series on theEconomy of Canada Economic history Banking history Petroleum history Energy policy of Canada Canadian dollar Sectors Primary sector Agriculture Energy Petroleum Electricity Mining Fishing Forestry Secondary sector Automotives Tertiary sector Social programs Transport Tourism Finance Central Bank Banking in Canada Stock exchanges Companies Companies listed on the TSX Economy by province Alberta Ontario Quebec Saskatchewan more... Economy by city Montreal Toronto Vancouv...

Adam & Steve

Lihat pula: Adam and Steve Adam & SteveMovie posterSutradaraCraig ChesterProduserGeorge BendeleKirkland TibbelsDitulis olehCraig ChesterPemeranCraig ChesterMalcolm GetsParker PoseyChris KattanPenata musikRoddy BottumSinematograferCarl BartelsBrian PryzpekPenyuntingPhyllis HousenDistributorTLA ReleasingTanggal rilis 24 April 2005 (2005-04-24) Durasi99 min.NegaraUnited StatesBahasaEnglishPendapatankotor$330,116 Adam & Steve adalah film Amerika Serikat produksi tahun 2005 berg...

 

Qi (state)

Zhou dynasty Chinese state (1046–221 BCE) This article is about the major state of Qí (齊). For the minor state of Qǐ (杞), see Qi (Henan). For other uses, see Qi (disambiguation). Qi Kingdom redirects here. For the Han dynasty kingdom, see Qi Kingdom (Han dynasty). Qi齊*Dzəj1046 BCE–221 BCEQi in 260 BCEStatusRegional State (1046–323 BCE )Kingdom (323–221 BCE )CapitalYingqiu (11 c.–866 BCE )Bogu (866–859 BCE )Linzi (859–221 BCE )Religion ancestor worshipChinese f...

 

Teotihuacán

Ciudad prehispánica de Teotihuacán Patrimonio de la Humanidad de la Unesco LocalizaciónPaís MéxicoCoordenadas 19°41′33″N 98°50′38″O / 19.6925, -98.843888888889Datos generalesTipo CulturalCriterios I, II, III, IV, V, VIIdentificación 414Región América Latina y el CaribeInscripción 1987 (XI sesión) Sitio web oficial [editar datos en Wikidata] Teotihuacan o Teotihuacán[1]​ (del náhuatl: Teōtīhuacān[a]​ o Teotiwakan[b]​ ‘...

238

237 ← 238 → 239素因数分解 2×7×17二進法 11101110三進法 22211四進法 3232五進法 1423六進法 1034七進法 460八進法 356十二進法 17A十六進法 EE二十進法 BI二十四進法 9M三十六進法 6Mローマ数字 CCXXXVIII漢数字 二百三十八大字 弐百参拾八算木 238（二百三十八、にひゃくさんじゅうはち）は自然数また、整数において、237の次で239の前の数である。 性質 238 は合成数であり、約数�...

 

Jun. K

Bài viết này cần thêm chú thích nguồn gốc để kiểm chứng thông tin. Mời bạn giúp hoàn thiện bài viết này bằng cách bổ sung chú thích tới các nguồn đáng tin cậy. Các nội dung không có nguồn có thể bị nghi ngờ và xóa bỏ. Jun. KJun. K vào năm 2012SinhKim Min-jun15 tháng 1, 1988 (36 tuổi)Daegu, Hàn QuốcNghề nghiệpCa sĩvũ côngngười mẫuSự nghiệp âm nhạcNăm hoạt động2008–nayHãng đĩaJYPH�...