ჰაბსბურგები

ჰაბსბურგები (გერმ. Habsburger) — ევროპის ერთ-ერთი ყველაზე ძლევამოსილი სამეფო საგვარეულო შუა საუკუნეებიდან ახალ დრომდე. დინასტიის წარმომადგენლები ავსტრიას მართავდნენ 1282 წლიდან, რომელიც მოგვიანებით მრავალეროვნულ ავსტრიულ იმპერიად გარდაისახა (1918 წლამდე) და ევროპის ერთ-ერთი მძლავრი და წამყვანი სახელმწიფო იყო. საგვარეულო იკავებდა ასევე საღვთო რომის იპმერიის ტახტს 1438-დან 1806 წლამდე. (მცირე წყვეტით 1742-45 წწ).

გარდა ავსტრიისა და საღვთო რომის იმპერიისა ჰაბსბურგებს შემდეგი სახელმწიფოების ტახტი ეკავათ:

უნგრეთის: 1437—1439, 1445—1457, 1526—1918 წწ;
ჩეხეთის 1306—1307, 1437—1439, 1444—1457, 1526—1618, 1621—1918 წწ;
ხორვატიის 1437—1439, 1445—1457, 1526—1918 წწ;
ესპანეთის 1516—1700 წწ;
პორტუგალიის 1580—1640;
ნეაპოლის სამეფოსი 1516—1735 წწ;
მექსიკის 1864—1867 წწ;
ტრანსილვანიის 1690—1867 წწ;
ტოსკანის 1790—1859 წწ;
პარმის 1814—1847 წწ;
მოდენის 1814—1859 წწ;

ამას გარდა, არაერთი მცირე სახელმწიფოებრივი წარმონაქმნისა.

ლიტერატურა

ქართული საბჭოთა ენციკლოპედია, ტ. 11, თბ., 1987. — გვ. 584.
Brewer-Ward, Daniel A. The House of Habsburg: A Genealogy of the Descendants of Empress Maria Theresia. Clearfield, 1996.
Crankshaw, Edward. The Fall of the House of Habsburg. Sphere Books Limited, London, 1970. (first published by Longmans in 1963)
Evans, Robert J. W. The Making of the Habsburg Monarchy, 1550–1700: An Interpretation. Clarendon Press, 1979.
McGuigan, Dorothy Gies. The Habsburgs. Doubleday, 1966.
Palmer, Alan. Napoleón and Marie Louise Ariel Mexico, 2003.
Wandruszka, Adam. The House of Habsburg: Six Hundred Years of a European Dynasty. Doubleday, 1964 (Greenwood Press, 1975).

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