ტოლმა

ტოლმის მომზადება ბერძნულად

ტოლმა (თურქ. dolma; ბერძ. ντολμαδες; სპარსულად Dolme (دلمه); სომხ. tolma (տոլմա); რუმინ. sarma) — ტოლმა მრავალი მეზობელი ქვეყნის სამზარეულოს განუყოფელი ნაწილია. მათ შორის: სომხურის, აზერბაიჯანულის, თურქული, ბერძნულის, ბანგლადეშურის და ა.შ. ის ძირითადად ვაზის ფოთლებში გახვეული ბრინჯის, ხახვის, გატარებული ხორცისა და სხვა ინგრედიენტთა ნარევია. პოპულარული წასახემსებელი კერძია აღმოსავლეთ ხმელთაშუაზღვისპირა ქვეყნებში. ითვლება, რომ კერძი წარმოშობით თანამედროვე აღმოსავლეთი თურქეთიდანაა და შემდეგ გავრცელდა ოსმალეთის იმპერიის სივრცეში.

თურქეთსა და სომხეთში ტოლმას უწოდებენ ნებისმიერ შეჭამადს, რომელიც კომბოსტოს, ყურძნის ფოთლებში, ბადრიჯანში, ან ბულგარულ წიწაკაშია გახვეული.

ტრადიციული ტოლმა ვაზის ფოთლებში გახვეული ცხვრის ხორცისა და ბრინჯის ნაზავია (სომხ. თფოვ ტოლმა - թփով տոլմա), ან იგივე კომბოსტოს ფურცლებში (კაღამბი ტოლმა - կաղամբի տոլմա). ხორცისა და ბრინჯის გარდა ტოლმას ამატებენ კორიანდრს, ქინძს, ნიახურს, პიტნას, ცხარე პილპილს და დამდნარ კარაქს. სუფრასთან როგორც წესი არაჟანთან მიართმევენ.

ლიტერატურა

  • Alan Davidson, The Oxford Companion to Food. ISBN 0-19-211579-0.
  • Gosetti Della Salda, Anna (1967). Le ricette regionali italiane (Italian). Milano: Solares. 

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