გეგმიური ეკონომიკა

ჰოლოდომორი, 1933, ალექსანდერ ვეინერბერგერის ფოტო. სტალინის ინდუსტრიალიზაციისა და კოლექტივიზაციის შედეგი.

გეგმიური ეკონომიკა — ეკონომიკური სისტემა, რომელშიც პროდუქცია და მომსახურების წარმოებაა და განაწილება რეგულირებულია ცენტრალური ორგანოს მიერ. გეგმიური ეკონომიკა შეიძლება იყოს ცენტრალური ან დეცეტრალიზებული[1]. ცენტრალურ ეკონომიკაში წარმოებისა და დისტრიბუციის რეგულაცია ცენტრალური ხელისუფლების პასუხისმგებლობაა, დეცენტრალიზებულში კი ადგილობრივი ორგანოების.

მიჩნეულია, რომ გეგმიური ეკონომიკა, მაინც და მაინც, სოციალისტური ქვეყნების ნიშანია, რაც მხოლოდ ნაწილობრივი სიმართლეა[2]. დასავლური სახელმწიფოები ხშირად მიმართავდნენ შერეულ ეკონომიკას, თუმცა გეგმიური წყობის სრულ სახეს ვხედავთ სოციალისტურ ქვეყნებში - საბჭოთა კავშირში, კუბასა და ჩრდილოეთი კორეაში.

გეგმიურ ეკონომიკაში მთავრობა მიმართავს ხანგძლივ ეკონომიკურ გეგმებს, რომელთა დეკლარირებული მიზანიცაა მოსახლეობის მოთხოვნების დაკმაყოფილება და სტაბილური ეკონომიკური ზრდა. სოციალისტურ ბლოკში ხშირი იყო 5 წლიან გეგმებს, როგორიცაა სსრკ-ში ინდუსტრიალიზაცია და კოლექტივიზაცია[3].

სქოლიო

  1. ↑ https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-349-20863-0_8
  2. ↑ https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-internationalbusiness/chapter/reading-socialism-and-planned-economies/
  3. ↑ https://www.britannica.com/topic/Five-Year-Plans
ეკონომიკა ეს სტატია ეკონომიკის შესახებ ჯერჯერობით ესკიზია. თქვენ შეგიძლიათ დაგვეხმაროთ მის შევსებაში.

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