ბალალაიკა

ბალალაიკა

ბალალაიკა — რუსული სამსიმიანი (ძველად ორსიმიანი) სამკუთხედის ფორმის მუსიკალური საკრავი. უკრავენ მარჯვენა ხელის საჩვენებელი თითის ყველა სიმზე ჩამოკვრითა და ცალკეული სიმის მოზიდვით. ფართოდ იყო გავრცელებული XVIII-XIX საუკუნეებში. 1880-იან წლებში ბალალაიკა გააუმჯობესეს ვასილ ანდრეევმა და მუსიკალური ინსტრუმენტების ოსტატებმა ფ. პასერბსკიმ და ს. ნალიმოვმა. ბალალაიკა რუსული ხალხური საკრავიერი ორკესტრის ძირითადი ინსტრუმენტია. ბალალაიკის საუკეთესო დამკვრელები იყვნენ ბორის ტროიანოვსკი (1883-1951), ნ. ოსიპოვი (1896-1945) და სხვები. მნიშვნელოვანი ნაწარმოებები ბალალაიკისათვის (ორკესტრთან ერთად) შექმნეს კომპოზიტორებმა სერგეი ვასილენკომ, მიხეილ იპოლიტოვ-ივანოვმა და სხვებმა.

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