Griya sakit

Répronégatif. Griya Sakit Panti Rapih, salah satunggil griya sakit swasta paling ageng ing Yogyakarta, Indonésia, ingkang dipunmadegaken taun 1929 déning gangsal suster saking St. Carolus Borromeus

Griya sakit punika satunggiling institusi perawatan kaséhatan profésional ingkang leladosanipun dipunlampahi déning dhokter, perawat, lan tenaga ahli kaséhatan sanèsipun.

Sajarah

Salebetipun sajarah kina, kapitadosan lan pangobatan gegandhèngan raket sanget. Salah satunggaling tuladhanipun institusi pangobatan paling sepuh punika inggih kuil Mesir. Kuil Asclepius ing Yunani ugi dipunpitados maringaken pangobatan dhumateng tiyang sakit, ingkang salajengipun ugi dipunadopsi bangsa Romawi minangka kapitadosan. Kuil Romawi kanggé Æsculapius dipunyasa nalika taun 291 SM ing tlatah Tiber, Roma mawi ritus-ritus mèh sami kaliyan kapitadosan Yunani.

Institusi ingkang spésifik kanggé pangobatan sepindhahipun, kapanggih ing India. Griya sakit Brahmanti sepisanan dipunadegaken ing Sri Lanka nalika taun 431 SM, salajengipun Raja Ashoka ugi madegaken 18 griya sakit ing Hindustan nalika taun 230 SM kanthi dipunjangkepi tenaga médhis lan perawat ingkang dipunbiayani anggaran krajan.

Griya sakit sepindhah ingkang nglibataken ugi konsèp pangajaran pangobatan, kanthi mahasiswa ingkang dipunparingi pangajaran déning tenaga ahli, inggih punika Akademi Gundishapur ing Krajan Pèrsi.

Bangsa Romawi ngripta valetudinaria kanggé pangobatan batur tukon, gladiator, lan perjurit watawis taun 100 SM. Adopsi kapitadosan Kristiani tumut mangaribawani leladosan médhis ing mrika. Konsili Nicea I nalika taun 325 mréntahaken pihak Gréja kanggé ugi maringaken leladosan dhumateng tiyang-tiyang papa, gerah, randha, lan musafir. Saben satunggal katedral ing saben kitha kedah nyawisaken satunggal leladosan kaséhatan. Salah satunggal ingkang sepindhah madegaken inggih punika Santo Sampson ing Konstantinopel lan Basil, bishop of Caesarea. Wangunan punika gegandhèngan langsung kaliyan yasan gréja, lan dipuncawisaken ugi papan kapisah kanggé panandhang lepra.

Griya sakit abad patengahan ing Éropah ugi tumut pola wau. Ing saben papan ngibadah limrahipun wonten leladosan kaséhatan déning pendeta lan suster (Frase Prancis kanggé griya sakit inggih punika hôtel-Dieu, ingkang tegesipun "Griya Palèrèhan Allah."). Nanging sapérangan ing antawisipun saged ugi kapisah saking papan ngibadah. Dipunpanggihi ugi griya sakit ingkang kaspésialisasi kanggé panandhang lepra, kaum papa, utawi musafir.

Griya sakit salebetipun sajarah Islam nepangaken standar pangobatan ingkang inggil nalika abad 8 dumugi 12. Griya sakit sepindhah dipunyasa nalika abad 9 dumugi 10 makaryakaken 25 staff pangobatan lan panglampahan pangobatan bènten kanggé lelara ingkang bènten ugi. Griya sakit ingkang dipunparingi dana pamaréntah muncul ugi salebetipun sajarah Tiongkok nalika awal abad 10.

Èwah-èwahan griya sakit dados langkung sekular ing Éropah dumados nalika abad 16 dumugi 17. Nanging nembé ing abad 18 griya sakit modhèren sepindhah dipunyasa kanthi namung nyawisaken leladosan lan pambedhahan médhis. Inggris ingkang sepindhah nepangaken konsèp punika. Guy's Hospital dipunmadegaken ing London taun 1724 amargi panyuwunan satunggiling sodagar sugih Thomas Guy. Griya sakit ingkang dipunbiayani swasta kados punika lajeng njamur ing saindhenging Inggris Raya. Ing koloni Inggris, ing Amérika lajeng madeg Pennsylvania General Hospital ing Philadelphia taun 1751. Sasampunipun kakempal sumbangan £2,000. Ing Éropah Daratan limrahipun griya sakit dipunbéyani dana publik. Nanging kanthi umum nalika patengahan abad 19 mèh sadaya nagara ing Éropah lan Amérika Lèr sampun gadhah manéka griya sakit.

Priksani ugi

Pranala njawi

Wikimedia Commons duwé médhia ngenani Hospital.
Wikimedia Commons duwé médhia ngenani Griya sakit.

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