Ginjel

Ginjel dideleng saka mburi (balung rusuk diilangaké)

Ginjel iku organ ekskresi ing vertebrata kang dhapuré mèmper kacang. Minangka péranganing sistem urin, ginjel duwé fungsi nyaring regetan (mligi urea) saka getih lan mbuwang bareng karo banyu mawa wujud urin. Cabang saka kadhokteran kang nyinaoni ginjel lan panyakité diarani nefrologi.

Anatomi dhasar

Papan

Manungsa duwé sepasang ginjel kang ana ing mburi weteng utawa abdomen. Ginjel iki ana ing tengen lan kiwa balung mburi, sangisoré ati lan limpa. Ing pérangan ndhuwur (superior) ginjel ana klanjer adrenal (uga diarani klanjer suprarenal).

Ginjel asifat retroperitoneal|retroperitoneal, kang tegesé ana ing mburi peritoneum kang nglapisi gronggongan abdomen. Loro ginjel mau ana ing kiwa-tengené vertebra T12 nganti L3. Ginjel tengen racaké papané rada medhun tinimbang ginjel kiwa kanggo mènèhi papan ati.

Sabagéyan saka pérangan ndhuwur ginjel dilindhungi déning iga angka sewelas lan rolas. Ginjel dibungkus déning rong lapisan lemak (lemak perirenal lan lemak pararenal) kang mbiyantu ngredhem goncangan.

Potongan mbujur ginjel

Struktur dhetil

Nggon wong diwasa, saben ginjel duwé ukuran dawa watara 11 cm lan kandelé 5 cm kanthi bobot watara 150 gram. Ginjel duwé wujud kaya kacang mawa lekukan kang ngadhep lumebu. Ing saben ginjel ana bukaan kang diarani hilus|hilus kang ngubungaké arteri renal, vena renal, lan ureter.

Pirsanana uga


Sistem urin

Ginjel | Urètèr | Kandhung kemih | Uréthral sphincter | Urétra

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