商標の希釈化

商標の希釈化（しょうひょうのきしゃくか）とは、不正競争防止法第二条第一項第二号に定める著名表示冒用行為。トレードマークダイリューションとも呼ばれ、同第一号が定める周知表示混同惹起行為と区別される。日本では、フリーライド（タダ乗り行為）、ダイリューション（希釈化行為）、ポリュージョン（汚染行為）に大別されている。

平成6年5月1日に新不正競争防止法として、2条1項2号へ規定、施行された。それまでの商標法や不正競争防止法によるトレードマークへの侵害行為は、出所の混同に対して認められるものであった。これに対し、新法は、特定分野での競争や混同の可能性に係らず、著名なトレードマークの価値を減じる行為に対して侵害を認めるものである。

脚注

  • Callmann, Unfair Competition Trade-Marks and Monopolies (1983)
  • McCarthy on Trademarks and Unafair Competition (1992)
  • Frank I. Schechter, THE Rational Basis of Trademark Protecction, 40 Harvard law Review 812 (1927)
  • 田村善之「不正競争防止法概説」有斐閣 (1994)
  • 小野昌延「不正競争防止法概説」有斐閣 (1994)
  • 山本庸幸「要説不正競争防止法」発明協会 (1993)
  • 山本庸幸「不正競争防止法入門」ぎょうせい (1994)
  • 通産省知的財産政策室監修「逐条解説不正競争防止法」有斐閣 (1994)
  • 玉井克哉「フリーライドとダイリューション」ジュリスト1018-37
  • 尾崎雅彦「ダイリューションの著名要件について」パテントV0l.49 No.10 (1996)

関連項目

商標の保護
類型
The word "R" within a circle
使用
登録要件
条約
各国機関
日本の商標制度
各国の法律
スタブアイコン

この項目は、法分野に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（P:法学/PJ:法学）。

スタブアイコン

この項目は、経済に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（ポータル 経済学、プロジェクト 経済）。

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