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世界的エネルギー危機 (2021年)

世界的エネルギー危機は、英国[1][2]、中国[3]、その他の諸国[4]に影響が現れている、世界中で現在進行中のエネルギー不足である。

背景

新型コロナウイルス感染症の影響

2019年末からの新型コロナウイルス感染症の世界的流行によって世界各国にさまざまな経済的影響が発生し、2020年2月からは2020年の株価大暴落が発生した。

ウクライナ危機

2021年末にはロシア軍ウクライナ国境付近に集結して緊張を高めた。2022年2月24日にロシアがウクライナへの全面侵攻を開始したことで、世界的なエネルギー危機が取り沙汰されている[5][6]

アジア

インド

電力設備が危機的に低下する石炭価格の高騰につれ、エネルギー危機に瀕している。[7]

中国

中国は数十年以来最悪のエネルギー危機に直面している。[8]「停電を引き起こすものにある場所の、'産業集積地'(: industrial heatland(s))の企業が消費を制限されていて、毎年恒例の電飾興行: light show(s))が中止されてきた」ことをガーディアン誌は報じた。[9]

ヨーロッパ

EUでの天然ガス価格変動
西欧のロシア天然ガスへの依存度[10]

ヨーロッパ市場へのロシアノルウェーからの供給が途絶えた、天然ガスの暴騰、風力、水力、太陽光によるエネルギーの類の再生可能エネルギーによる少ない発電、そして厳冬: cold winter)を含む、ヨーロッパとロシアのガソリン貯蓄を減少させる好ましくない条件の重なりで、ヨーロッパは2021年にガソリン価格の急騰に直面した[11][12][13][14]

2021年末にはロシア軍ウクライナ国境付近に集結して緊張を高めた。2022年2月24日にロシアがウクライナへの全面侵攻を開始したことで、世界的なエネルギー危機が取り沙汰されている[5][6]。西欧諸国のロシア天然ガスへの依存度は、チェコラトビアモルドバが100%であり、ドイツも65%にのぼる[10]

反応

ハンガリーの首相オルバーン・ビクトルは、欧州委員会欧州グリーンディールがエネルギー価格の暴騰をもたらしたとして、同委員会を非難した。[15]

気候変動との関係

脚注または引用文献

  1. ^ “Global Energy Crisis Shows Fragility of Clean-Power Era” (英語). Bloomberg.com. (2021年10月5日). https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-05/global-energy-crisis-is-the-first-of-many-in-the-clean-power-era 2021年10月9日閲覧。 
  2. ^ Warning UK energy bills may soar 30% in 2022 – as it happened” (英語). The Independent (2021年10月7日). 2021年10月9日閲覧。
  3. ^ “China's Energy Crisis Is Hitting Everything From iPhones to Milk” (英語). Bloomberg.com. (2021年10月7日). https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-07/china-s-energy-crisis-envelops-an-already-slowing-global-economy 2021年10月9日閲覧。 
  4. ^ The Electricity Crisis Was Not Caused By A ‘Perfect Storm’” (英語). finance.yahoo.com. 2021年10月9日閲覧。
  5. ^ a b 欧州エネルギー危機、重大な警鐘=トタルエナジーズCEOロイター2022年3月8日
  6. ^ a b ウクライナ・ロシア危機で懸念される気候変動対応への影響日本総研2022年03月04日
  7. ^ “China isn’t the only huge Asian economy with a coal shortage now”. CNBC. (2021年10月12日). https://www.cnbc.com/2021/10/12/coal-shortage-india-could-soon-be-on-the-brink-of-a-power-crisis.html 
  8. ^ “Will China's Energy Crisis Make It More Reluctant to Fight Climate Change?”. Time. (2021年9月30日). https://time.com/6102765/china-energy-coal-climate/ 
  9. ^ “Global energy crisis: how key countries are responding”. The Guardian. (2021年10月12日). https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/oct/12/global-energy-crisis-how-key-countries-are-responding 
  10. ^ a b Explaining why natural gas plays such a big role in the Russia-Ukraine crisis”. NPR. 2022年3月8日閲覧。
  11. ^ “Energy crisis: The blame game has begun - but are some of the claims just hot air?”. Sky News. (2021年9月22日). https://news.sky.com/story/energy-crisis-the-blame-game-has-begun-but-are-some-of-the-claims-just-hot-air-12413485 
  12. ^ “Europe’s Power Crisis Moves North as Water Shortage Persists”. Bloomberg. (2021年10月3日). https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-10-03/europe-s-power-crisis-is-moving-north-as-water-shortage-worsens 
  13. ^ “Russia says it could boost supplies to ease Europe gas costs”. Associated Press. (2021年10月7日). https://apnews.com/article/business-vladimir-putin-europe-russia-moscow-e88f22bea390917eb1b78affaf177289 
  14. ^ “It is tempting to blame foreigners for Europe’s gas crisis: The main culprit is closer to home”. The Economist. (2021年10月16日). https://www.economist.com/europe/2021/10/16/it-is-tempting-to-blame-foreigners-for-europes-gas-crisis 
  15. ^ “The Green Brief: East-West EU split again over climate”. Euractiv . (2021年10月20日). https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy-environment/news/the-green-brief-east-west-eu-split-again-over-climate/ 

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