メガウイルス綱

メガウイルス綱
分類（ICTV）
レルム : ウァリドナウィリア Varidnaviria
界 : バンフォルドウイルス界 Bamfordvirae
門 : 巨大核質DNAウイルス門 Nucleocytoviricota
綱 : メガウイルス綱 Megaviricetes
下位分類（目）
  • アルガウイルス目
  • イミテルウイルス目
  • ピマスコウイルス目

メガウイルス綱（Megaviricetes）は、2019年に提唱されたウイルスの綱である[1]。いわゆる「巨大ウイルス」が含まれる。物理的な大きさやゲノムサイズが他のウイルスよりも大きなことが特徴で、時にそのサイズは小型の細菌をも超えることがある。

DNAの転写 や翻訳、その他通常のウイルスが持っていない遺伝子を多数保有しており、発見時は生物が退化した姿だとも言われていた[2]。ただし、2020年現在では、元々典型的なウイルス（テクティリウイルス綱）であったものが、ポリントンと呼ばれるトランスポゾンを経て、進化・巨大化した説が有力となっている[3]。

分類

メガウイルス綱 Megaviricetes

  • アルガウイルス目 Algavirales
    • ピコドナウイルス科 Phycodnaviridae
  • イミテルウイルス目 Imitervirales
  • ピマスコウイルス目 Pimascovirales
    • アスコウイルス科 Ascoviridae
    • イリドウイルス科 Iridoviridae
    • マルセイレウイルス科 Marseilleviridae

脚注

[脚注の使い方]
  1. ^ Koonin EV "et al." (2019). “Create a megataxonomic framework, filling all principal taxonomic ranks, for DNA viruses encoding vertical jelly roll-type major capsid proteins”. ICTV. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.14886.47684. 
  2. ^ L M Iyer "et al." (2001). “Common Origin of Four Diverse Families of Large Eukaryotic DNA Viruses”. J Virol. 75 (23): 11720-34. doi:10.1128/JVI.75.23.11720-11734.2001. 
  3. ^ Krupovic M, Koonin EV (February 2015). “Polintons: a hotbed of eukaryotic virus, transposon and plasmid evolution”. Nat Rev Microbiol 13 (2): 105-115. doi:10.1038/nrmicro3389. PMC 5898198. PMID 25534808. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5898198/ 10 June 2020閲覧。. 
スタブアイコン

この項目は、生物学に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（プロジェクト:生命科学／Portal:生物学）。

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